Transition between subcutaneous and sublingual allergen immunotherapy: Recommendations of the Brazilian Association of Allergy and Immunology (ASBAI).

The use of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) in Brazil has specific regional conditions owing to the pattern of allergen sensitization, as well as to genetic, socioeconomic, and cultural characteristics. This review article aims to discuss the clinical practice of AIT by the subcutaneous or sublingual route in Brazil, addressing the possibilities of transition between these forms of administration. A systematic review using the PubMed and Cochrane databases was performed, and the websites of major allergy and immunology organizations were consulted.

Distinct Adverse Reactions to mRNA, Inactivated Virus, and Adenovirus Vector COVID-19 Vaccines: Insights from a Cohort Study on Atopic and Non-Atopic Subjects in Brazil.

The emergence of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 prompted an unprecedented global response to develop vaccines at an accelerated pace. Messenger RNA (mRNA) and adenovirus vector vaccines emerged as the frontrunners in global immunization efforts, significantly reducing hospitalization, severity, and mortality, supplemented by inactivated virus-based vaccines in developing countries. However, concerns regarding adverse effects, including allergic reactions, have been raised.

Good clinical practice recommendations in allergen immunotherapy: Position paper of the Brazilian Association of Allergy and Immunology - ASBAI.

Background: Allergen Immunotherapy (AIT) represents one of the pillars in the treatment of allergic diseases. AIT is the only therapeutic strategy with curative potential, promoting the reduction of drug use and long-term symptom control even after the end of the treatment. The European Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (EAACI) guidelines, position papers of World Allergy Organization (WAO), and the US Practice Parameters are the leading official documents that set scientific standard for the use of AIT in the world.

COVID-19 scenario and recommendations on the continuity of immunobiological therapy in patients with atopic asthma in Brazil and Latin America.

Introduction: With the abrupt establishment of the COVID-19 pandemic, treatment for immunological diseases may be influenced by the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Immunobiologics play a pivotal role in the management of severe symptoms of allergy, and an opinion regarding the continuity of this treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic must be issued.

Areas Covered: In Brazil and other countries, patients with severe asthma have been included in the priority groups for COVID-19 vaccination, even those who are undergoing immunobiological therapy.

IgE, IgG1, and IgG4 Reactivity to Glycosylated Extract in Allergic Patients.

Background: House dust mites are important allergen sources and some of these allergenic proteins may contain carbohydrate moieties, which are able to be isolated using lectins, as Concanavalin A (ConA). This study aimed to investigate allergenicity (IgE) and antigenicity (IgG1 and IgG4) of ConA-unbound and ConA-bound (Dpt) crude extracts using sera of mite-allergic patients as well as inhibition capacity of antibody binding.

Material And Methods: We obtained mannose-enriched and mannose-depleted fractions from Dpt by ConA affinity chromatography.

Development of a nanogold slot blot inhibition assay for the detection of antibodies against bovine herpesvirus type 1.

Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) is recognized as an important pathogen causing respiratory, reproductive, and neurological disorders in cattle and is associated with economic losses to animal industry. Accurate diagnostic methods are needed for prevention of disease transmission. While the virus neutralization test is considered the gold standard method, it requires maintenance of the virus and cell cultures, which is time consuming and expensive.

Allergen Microarray Indicates Pooideae Sensitization in Brazilian Grass Pollen Allergic Patients.

Background: Grass pollen, in particular from Lolium multiflorum is a major allergen source in temperate climate zones of Southern Brazil. The IgE sensitization profile of Brazilian grass pollen allergic patients to individual allergen molecules has not been analyzed yet.

Objective: To analyze the IgE sensitization profile of a Brazilian grass pollen allergic population using individual allergen molecules.

Seroprevalence of Toxocara spp. in children with atopy.

Background: Epidemiological studies around the world suggest that infection with Toxocara spp. can contribute to the development or worsening of atopic diseases, especially in children. This study investigated the seroprevalence of toxocariasis in atopic children treated at the pediatric clinic of the Federal University of Uberlândia Clinical Hospital, identifying possible relationships with risk factors.

Diversity of allergen exposure: implications for the efficacy of environmental control.

Unlabelled: The prevalence of allergic diseases such as asthma, rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis and atopic dermatitis has increased in the last decades. The relationship between allergen exposure, atopic sensitization and development of allergic diseases is widely described in the literature.

Aim: To evaluate measures for reducing allergen exposure as part of the treatment of allergic diseases.

Pollen allergic disease: pollens and its major allergens.

Patients with grass pollen allergy, commonly called pollinosis, often present reactivity to pollen allergens from a number of grass species due to cross-reactivity of IgE antibodies to pollen proteins present in pollen grasses. In this context, Italian rye grass (Lolium multiflorum) pollen of the Poaceae family cultivated in Southern Brazil has been considered a major sensitizing agent in patients with pollinosis. In this region, Italian rye grass is capable of producing a great amount of pollen.

Strongyloides ratti antigenic components recognized by IgE antibodies in immunoblotting as an additional tool for improving the immunodiagnosis in human strongyloidiasis.

IgE antibody response in human strongyloidiasis was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblotting (IB) using Strongyloides ratti saline extract as heterologous antigen. A total of 50 serum samples of patients who were shedding S. stercoralis larvae in feces (group I, copropositive), 38 of patients with other intestinal parasites (group II), and 38 of subjects with negative results in three parasitologic assays (group III, copronegative) were analyzed.

[IgA, IgE and IgG subclasses to Candida albicans in serum and vaginal fluid from patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis].

Purpose: To determine the levels of IgA, IgE, IgG and subclasses (IgG1, IgG4) antibodies specific to C. albicans in serum and vaginal washes from women with or without vulvovaginal candidiasis in order to evaluate the role of these antibodies in the immunopathogenesis of the disease.

Methods: Thirty women with clinical symptoms of vulvovaginal candidiasis (15 positive vaginal culture to C.

Heterologous antigen extract in ELISA for the detection of human IgE anti-Strongyloides stercoralis.

Strongyloides ratti larval extract was used for the standardization of ELISA to detect genus-specific IgE in human strongyloidiasis. Forty serum samples from monoinfected patients shedding S. stercoralis larvae (Group I), 40 from patients with other intestinal parasites (Group II), and 40 from copronegative healthy subjects (Group III) were analyzed.