Residual Effects of 50-Year-Term Different Rotations and Continued Bare Fallow on Soil CO Emission, Earthworms, and Fertility for Wheat Crops.

In this study, our investigated hypothesis was that different pre-crops would have different effects on earthworm activity and soil CO emissions. We also hypothesized that a pre-crop clover-timothy mixture would perform best in terms of increasing the share of organic carbon in soil and, in this way, contribute to improving the sustainability of agroecosystems. The aim of this study was to explore the residual effects of using a 50-year-term of three different crop rotations and a continuous bare fallow period on soil CO emissions by investigating the soil earthworm populations, soil agrochemical properties, and winter wheat yields.

The Effect of Monoculture, Crop Rotation Combinations, and Continuous Bare Fallow on Soil CO Emissions, Earthworms, and Productivity of Winter Rye after a 50-Year Period.

One of the main goals of the 21st century's developing society is to produce the necessary amount of food while protecting the environment. Globally, particularly in Lithuania and other northern regions with similar climatic and soil conditions, there is a lack of data on the long-term effects of crop rotation under the current conditions of intensive farming and climate change. It has long been recognized that monocultures cause soil degradation compared to crop rotation.