Vanillic acid-based pro-coagulant hemostatic shape memory polymer foams with antimicrobial properties against drug-resistant bacteria.

Uncontrolled bleeding is the primary cause of trauma-related death. For patients that are brought to the hospital in time to receive treatment, there is a great risk of contracting drug-resistant bacterial wound infections. Therefore, low-cost hemostatic agents with procoagulant and antibacterial properties are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with traumatic wounds.