Effect of Sulodexide on Circulating Blood Cells in Patients with Mild COVID-19.

Background. Despite the fact that COVID-19 usually manifests with severe pneumonia, there is a growing body of evidence that life-threatening multiorgan damage is caused by vascular and hemostatic abnormalities. Since there is no established therapy, assessing antithrombotics is indeed important.

Enoxaparin dose impacts blood cell phenotypes during mild SARS-CoV-2 infection: the observational single-center study.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with various hemostatic abnormalities requiring constant search for better delicate antithrombotic management in these high-risk patients. The choice and the optimal dose of anticoagulant is important, but unclear, especially for mild COVID-19. Enoxaparin has been tested in several COVID trials with mixed results regarding hard clinical outcomes including mortality.

[The Time Course of Formation Of Systolic Dysfunction of the Heart in Doxorubicin Cardiomyopathy].

The anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy is a frequent and menacing complication of antitumor therapy leading to chronic heart failure. A study of the formation of heart failure can reveal early signs of the development of systolic dysfunction of the heart. In this work in rats we studied cardiac function at different duration of doxorubicin treatment, the most effective anthracycline antibiotic.

[The Action of Apelin-12 and Its Analog on Hemodynamics and Cardiac Contractile Function of Rats With Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Lesion].

Introduction of isoproterenol (beta-adrenoreceptor agonist) into rats is one of the widespread experimental models of heart failure. It is caused by diffuse ischemic damage of cardiomyocytes, followed by development of substitutive fibrosis. Apelin is a natural regulator of the myocardial contractility.

[Cardiotropic action of oxacom in experimental heart failure].

Prolonged hypotensive effect of oxacom (dinitrosyl iron complexes with ligand glutathione) has been well documented in animals and healthy volunteers, but effect on the heart is not defined. In this work, the blood pressure (BP), and the pressure in the left ventricle (LV) were recorded in rats. Intravenous bolus injection of oxacom (10 mg/kg) caused an immediate average BP decrease by 20-30 mm Hg followed by a slow recovery.

[Results of using the dosing Valsalva-Weber test to determine autonomic disorders in patients with vasovagal syncope].

Aim: To estimate the value of the dosing Valsalva-Weber test (VWT) in the diagnosis of autonomic disorders in patients with vasovagal syncope (VVS).

Subjects And Methods: The dosing VWT using a specialized Task Force Monitor unit ("CNSystem", Austria) with synchronous noninvasive ECG and blood pressure (BP) monitoring was carried out in 30 patients (mean age 32 ± 14 years) with VVS and 12 healthy individuals (31 ± 7 years). The analysis of the test results encompassed the visual assessment of BP change curves and heart rate in different test phases and the calculation of pressure indices, Valsalva coefficient, arterial baroreflex sensitivity, and other parameters (a total of 26).

[Complex study of the rat heart at isoproterenol damage].

Introduction of isoproterenol (an agonist of beta-adrenoreceptors) to rats is one of the widespread experimental models of cardiac failure. It is caused by damage of cardiomyocytes with the subsequent development of substitutive fibrosis. The purpose of the given work was the complex characteristic of cardiac function by means of invasive and noninvasive (echocardiography and impedansometry) methods of research.

Age-dependent and 'pathologic' changes in ICG waveforms resulting from superposition of pre-ejection and ejection waves.

Impedance cardiography (ICG) is a popular bioimpedance application used for the non-invasive evaluation of the left ventricular stroke volume and contractility. It implies the correct determination of ejection start and end points and the amplitudes of certain peaks in a differentiated impedance cardiogram. An accurate identification of ejection onset by ICG is often problematic, especially in cardiologic patients, due to the peculiar character of the waveforms.

[Contractility of the left ventricle of the human heart noninvasive measurement in each cardiac cycle].

History of development of the method of measurement of duration of the preejection (DPE) period - characteristic of left ventricular (LV) contractility is presented. On the basis of physiological prerequisites a novel computerized method of DPE measurement in each consecutive cardiocycle has been created. Distinct features of this method are: 1) principle of measurement - tetrapolar impedancemetry, with signal electrodes located along projection of the ascending aorta, one in the center of presternum, second - 5 cm caudally; 2) starting point for DPE counting - the point on ascending portion of R wave of electrocardiogram at which the first derivative of ECG signal reaches maximum, stopping point - the point of maximum of the second derivative of the primary impedance signal on the ascending front of its pulse wave.

[Pre-ejection period as a cardiac cotractility index: noninvasive beat-by-beat evaluation in the human study].

Beat-by-beat evaluation of left ventricular contractility provides and insight to the current dynamics of cardiac control. In non-invasive studies, pre-ejection period is conventionally used as an index of contractility. Pulse waves of electrical impedance (deltaZ) reflect the systolic dilations of the aorta segment confined between the properly placed signal electrodes.

[Spectral indices of heart rate variability in patients with vasovagal syncopes according to evidence of 5-min ECG].

Aim: To compare autonomic nervous system activity estimated by power spectral analysis of heart rate variability in patients with vasovagal syncopes and healthy volunteers.

Material And Methods: Seventeen health volunteers and 25 patients with vasovagal syncope were included in the study. In 16 cases faints were induced by head-up tilt table test (HTT), in 9 cases--by bicycle exercise test (BET).

Dynamics of swallowing-induced cardiac chronotropic responses in healthy subjects.

Simultaneous recording of ECG and swallowing movements in healthy humans (n=23, age 20-57 years) showed that each swallow is accompanied by transient tachycardia with initial abrupt and pronounced heart rate increase. These rapid changes in heart rate (evaluation by maximum increment of heart rate over two successive heartbeats, Delta HR(2bt)) are typical of vagal chronotropic responses. The amplitude of tachycardia induced by a single swallow was significantly higher in the supine position (13.

Stimulus-dependent effects in the actions of sodium channel blockers on sensory C-units.

Stimulus-dependent inhibition of discharges from cutaneous C fibers from mechanothermo-sensitive (MTS) units (nociceptive sensors) can explain the paradoxical analgesic effect of local anesthetics at low concentrations, insufficient to block axonal conduction of nerve impulses. Three types of experiments are proposed which could detect the stimulus-dependent inhibition of the terminal section of sensory C units: a method involving repeated series of stimuli, the increasing stimulus method, and the spike encounter method. The applications of these methods to assessing the magnitudes of the neuroleptic effects of local anesthetics and cardiac antiarrhythmics is discussed.

[Stimulus-dependent effects of the sodium channel blockers in the C-fiber sensory units].

The data obtained suggest a use-dependent inhibition in the skin terminals of the C-fibre sensory units. The terminals are discussed in respect to search of efficient local anaesthetising agents as well as cardiac anti-arrhythmic agents with obvious neurotropic effects.

[Pain reception in the skin studied with chemical agents].

Cutaneous C-fibre polymodal mechano-heat (CMH) sensory units of narcotized cats have been studied for their responses to the close-arterial injection of potassium, acetylcholine and methacholine to the saphenous artery in subnoxious and noxious concentrations. Subnoxious chemical stimulation has induced low-frequency excitation of CMH units. The parameters of CMH units firing during subnoxious and noxious chemical stimulation may be used for estimation of effects of local anesthetics.

[Selective electric-current inhibition of signals from the C fibers in nerve fiber microbundles: a method for identifying A and C afferents].

Direct electric current of 3 microA applied through platinum electrode during 10 s to a fine strand teased mechanically from saphenous nerve, inhibits selectively C-fibre spikes in the strand and does not inhibit A-fiber spikes. The selective inhibition of C-fibers spikes in a fine strand is proposed as a method to identify a type of a single nerve fiber.

Identification of afferents in a fine nerve strand by selective elimination of signals from C-fibers by electric current pulses.

Fine nerve strands teased mechanically from saphenous nerve in anesthetized cats contained 2-5 intact myelinated (A) and up to 15 unmyelinated (C) fibers. An electric current pulse of 3 microA applied through a platinum wire electrode to such a strand during 10 s irreversibly eliminated spikes from C-fibers, yet did not disturb spikes of 80% of A-fibers and decreased the amplitude of the spikes of other A-fibers by not more than 3-fold. When this decrease took place the spike wave form was not distorted and could still be recognized.

[Differences in the excitatory action of acetylcholine and mecholine on mechanosensitive high-threshold C-axonal units of the skin in the cat].

Intraarterial acetylcholine (Ach) and acetyl-beta-methylcholine (metacholine, Mch) excite feline high-threshold C-fiber mechanosensitive cutaneous sensory units (SU) in a different way. Ach in noxious (algogenic for humans) concentrations of 10 micrograms/ml and more induces a high-frequency discharge, with mean frequency of impulses at its peak being 4-12 Hz. This discharge seems to result from activation of N-cholinoreceptors because non-noxious and nonalgogenic M-agonist Mch as well as Ach in subnoxious concentrations induce in SU only a low-frequency discharge with a mean frequency of impulses 0.

[Excitation of mechanosensitive C-fiber sensory units of the skin in the cat by the intra-arterial administration of potassium ions].

In anaesthetized cats the responses of low- and high-threshold mechanosensitive C-fiber sensory units (MSU) in n. saphenus to close-arterial injection of potassium ions in subnoxious and noxious concentrations (SC and NC) have been studied. Two groups of high-threshold MSU were found: 1) MSU excited by K+ in NC only and 2) MSU responded to K+ both in SC and NC.

[Method of dissecting peripheral nerve sheaths with an ultrasonic microscalpel that does not disturb neural conduction].

A new method for dissection of the nerve sheaths by an ultrasonic microscalpel was tested in in-vivo experiments with the cat saphenus nerve. The compound nerve action potential consisting of A beta, A delta and C waves did not change after successive one-cm long dissections of the major nerve sheaths, epineurium and perineurium, demonstrating innocuous character of the method. Not deep plunging of the ultrasonic scalpel into the nerve, hemocoagulation when dissecting as well as drastically reduced mechanical efforts are the principal advantages of new method.