Draft Genome Sequence of Glyphosate-Degrading Achromobacter insolitus Strain Kg 19 (VKM B-3295), Isolated from Agricultural Soil.

The genome of an strain isolated from an agricultural soil polluted with the herbicide glyphosate is reported. The genome size is 6.4 Mb, with an average G+C content of 65.

Organophosphonates utilization by soil strains of Ochrobactrum anthropi and Achromobacter sp.

Four bacterial strains from glyphosate- or alkylphosphonates-contaminated soils were tested for ability to utilize different organophosphonates. All studied strains readily utilized methylphosphonic acid and a number of other phosphonates, but differed in their ability to degrade glyphosate. Only strains Ochrobactrum anthropi GPK 3 and Achromobacter sp.

Glyphosate acetylation as a specific trait of Achromobacter sp. Kg 16 physiology.

The growth parameters of Achromobacter sp. Kg 16 (VKM B-2534 D), such as biomass and maximum specific growth rate, depended only on the source of phosphorus in the medium, but not on the carbon source or the presence of growth factors. With glyphosate as a sole phosphorus source, they were still 40-50 % lower than in media supplemented with orthophosphate or other organophosphonate-methylphosphonic acid.

[Microbial degradation of glyphosate herbicides (review)].

This review analyzes the issues associated with biodegradation of glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine), one of the most widespread herbicides. Glyphosate can accumulate in natural environments and can be toxic not only for plants but also for animals and bacteria. Microbial transformation and mineralization ofglyphosate, as the only means of its rapid degradation, are discussed in detail.

[The kinetic parameters of retainment and release of deposited in human tissue structures calcium].

The analysis of retainment and release kinetics of deposited in tissue structures calcium was made in the hypercalcemic conditions in 28 healthy volunteers (22 males and 6 females) of the age of 33 ± 6.5 years via drip infusion (Groups 1, 2) and in 9 individuals (3 males and 6 females) in 12 trials via stream infusion (Group 3). By the end of each hour after the termination of calcium infusion the amount of calcium retained in tissues was calculated (Mtis.

[Kinetic parameters of calcium binding to tissue structures in human acute hypercalcaemia].

Calcium binding kinetic by tissue structures was analysed in 19 health volunteers (13 men and 6 women) of the age group of 33 +/- 6.5 under conditions of acute hypercalcaemia followed by a drip i.v.

[Mechanisms of reproductive behavior in humans: olfactory markers of males' attractiveness].

The present work represents a pilot study in the area of olfactory communication in humans. On the basis of experiments, it is demonstrated that women are able to detect, by means of smell, a number of morphological and psychological characteristics of men. The samples of sweat from 29 young men were collected, as well as anthropometry measurements (interpupillary distance, height and width of the lower jaw, and so forth) and behavioral characteristics (personality questionnaire NEO, risk-taking questionnaire, Sandra Bem masculinity and femininity indices, a self-rating on aggression Buss-Perry questionnaire).

[The dynamics of biochemical markers of remodelling of bone tissue after liver transplantation].

The sample of 45 recipients (30 females and 15 males) after orthotopic transplantation of liver was examined thrice in dynamics. Three groups were formed according the resulted values of T-criterion of bone mineral density in the area of lumbar vertebrae. The bone mineral density of group A was considered as osteoporosis, of group B as osteopenia and of group C as physiologic norm.

[The substantiation of the mathematical model of the process of postmortem spin probe recovery for the ascertainment of the time of death].

The authors report the results of the application of various mathematical models simulating postmortem changes in the vitreous body detected by the method with the use of spin probes of electron-paramagnetic resonance. An original mathematical model was developed based on the Mathematics-7 software package. The data obtained suggest the possibility of using it for expert diagnostics of prescription of death coming.

[Level of neuroactive steroids in the brain, and gender-related differences in formation and decrease of conditioned reflex in rats].

We investigated gender-related differences in dynamics of the brain sexual steroids during learning and the decrease of conditioned reflex in the modeling experiment. It was revealed that, before training to conditioned reflexes, females manifested a greater anxiety than males. Significant differences between males and females in formation of the conditioned reflex of passive avoidance were not revealed, whereas the conditioned response decrease were by 2-3 days faster in male rats than in females.

Distribution of glyphosate and methylphosphonate catabolism systems in soil bacteria Ochrobactrum anthropi and Achromobacter sp.

Bacterial strains capable of utilizing methylphosphonic acid (MP) or glyphosate (GP) as the sole sources of phosphorus were isolated from soils contaminated with these organophosphonates. The strains isolated from MP-contaminated soils grew on MP and failed to grow on GP. One group of the isolates from GP-contaminated soils grew only on MP, while the other one grew on MP and GP.

New approaches to identification and activity estimation of glyphosate degradation enzymes.

We propose a new set of approaches, which allow identifying the primary enzymes of glyphosate (N-phosphonomethyl-glycine) attack, measuring their activities, and quantitative analysis of glyphosate degradation in vivo and in vitro. Using the developed approach we show that glyphosate degradation can follow different pathways depending on physiological characteristics of metabolizing strains: in Ochrobactrum anthropi GPK3 the initial cleavage reaction is catalyzed by glyphosate-oxidoreductase with the formation of aminomethylphosphonic acid and glyoxylate, whereas Achromobacter sp. MPS12 utilize C-P lyase, forming sarcosine.

Major chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans identified in L6J1 myoblast culture.

The major proteoglycans from L6J1 rat myoblast culture were identified. The proteoglycans were isolated from different constituents of cell culture: culture medium, extracellular matrix (ECM), and myoblasts. To identify their core proteins, the proteoglycans were treated with enzymes specifically digesting chondroitin/dermatan sulfates or chondroitin sulfates.

[Sex-related peculiarities of conditioned reflex activity and dynamics of sex steroids in the brain].

Sexual peculiarities of dynamics of brain sex steroids in the process of learning and extinction of the conditioned reflex of passive avoidance have been studied in model experiment. Prior to learning of conditioned reflex, females were found to be distinguished by manifestation of anxiety and fear as compared with males. At formation of the conditioned reflex, no significant sex differences were detected between males and females, whereas extinction of the conditioned reaction of passive avoidance in rat males occurred by 2-3 days faster than in females.

Bioremediation of glyphosate-contaminated soils.

Based on the results of laboratory and field experiments, we performed a comprehensive assessment of the bioremediation efficiency of glyphosate-contaminated soddy-podzol soil. The selected bacterial strains Achromobacter sp. Kg 16 (VKM B-2534D) and Ochrobactrum anthropi GPK 3 (VKM B-2554D) were used for the aerobic degradation of glyphosate.

[Sorption and microbial degradation of glyphosphate in soil suspensions].

Sorption and microbial destruction of glyphosphate, the active agent of the herbicide Groundbio, in suspensions of sod-podzolic and gray forest soils has been studied. According to the values of the adsorptive capacity (3560 and 8200 mg/kg, respectively) and the Freundlich constants (Kf, 15.6 and 18.

Glyphosate bioavailability in soil.

Biodegradation of glyphosate in sod-podzol soil by both the indigenous micro flora and the introduced strain Ochrobactrum anthropi GPK 3 was studied with respect to its sorption and mobility. The experiments were carried out in columns simulating the vertical soil profile. Soil samples studied were taken from soil horizons 0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm deep.

[The pattern of major urinary proteins (MUPS) expression during postnatal ontogenesis of a laboratory mouse depends on genotype and sex].

We investigated the specific pattern of major urinary proteins (MUPs) expression in 3-, 4-, and 12-week old mice of CBA/LacY and C57BL/6JY inbred strains using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Quantitative evaluation of 8 protein fractions A-H with regard to sex, age, and genotype of the animals is presented for the first time. Actual problems of genetic control and neuroendocrine regulation of MUPs expression during ontogenesis are discussed.

[Microbial degradation of organophosphonates by soil bacteria].

Bacteria that can utilize glyphosate (GP) or methylphosphonic acid (MPA) as a sole phosphorus source have been isolated from soil samples polluted with organophosphonates (OP). No matter which of these compounds was predominant in the native habitat of the strains, all of them utilized methylphosphonate. Some of the strains isolated from GP-polluted soil could utilize both phosphorus sources.

[Thiomorpholine transformation by the fungus Bjerkandera adusta].

A screening of lignin-degrading basidial fungi that can grow in the presence of thiomorpholine derivatives (the mixture of 1,4-perhydrothiazines) has been performed. Strain Bjerkandera adusta VKM F-3477 was shown to have the maximal rate of growth in the presence of these compounds, and its capacity for thiomorpholine degradation was studied. The methods of quantitative analysis of thiomorpholine and its degradation products on the basis of thin layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography were developed.

[Proteoglycans of L6J1 myoblast extracellular matrix. Characteristics and effect on myoblast adhesion].

Proteoglycans were isolated from extracellular matrix of L6J1 rat myoblasts and their influence on myoblast adhesion was studied. Proteoglycan digestion with chondroitinase AC and heparinase III degrading the polysaccharide moieties revealed that chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans are the main class of myoblast extracellular matrix proteoglycans. Electrophoresis of enzymatically processed proteoglycans was used to examine their core proteins.