The Effect of Probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus and Ethanolic Propolis Compound toward Nucleic Acid Deposition in the Extracellular Polymeric Substance of Root Canal Bacteria.

Objective:  This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ethanolic propolis and probiotic bacteria on the nucleic acid concentration in the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) derived from biofilm of root canal bacteria.

Materials And Methods:  Clinical bacteria of the root canal were cultured with ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP; 10 or 0.1%) and .

Dental radiography image enhancement for treatment evaluation through digital image processing.

Background: Evaluation of dental treatment is performed by observing dental periapical radiography to obtain information of filling's condition, pulp tissue, remain dentin thickness, periodontal ligament, and lamina dura. Nevertheless, the radiographic image used often has low quality due to the level of x-ray radiation made low purposely in order to prevent health problem and limited tools capability. This low quality of the radiographic image, for examples, low image contrast, less brightness, and noise existence cause periapical radiography evaluation hard to be performed.