Correlation of Symptom Distress, Self-Efficacy, and Social Support With Problem-Solving and Glycemic Control Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine the associations of self-efficacy, social support, and symptom distress with perceived problem-solving and glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes.

Method: Using baseline data from a parent study, which examined the effect of a problem-solving-focused intervention on medication adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes, this secondary analysis examined the relationships among self-efficacy, social support, symptom distress, problem-solving, and A1C. Of 358 patients enrolled at baseline, 304 (mean age = 64.

Self-Management Behaviors, Glycemic Control, and Metabolic Syndrome in Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: Diabetes self-management and glycemic control are suboptimal among Chinese patients with Type 2 diabetes with a large proportion of patients identified with metabolic syndrome.

Objectives: Based on social cognitive theory, this study examines the effect of selected personal, behavioral, and environmental factors on self-management behaviors, glycemic control, metabolic syndrome and Type 2 diabetes.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 207 Chinese with Type 2 diabetes living in a suburban area of Beijing, China.

Outcomes of a Problem-Solving Medication Management Intervention for Informal Caregivers.

Older adults with memory loss often require assistance from caregivers to manage their medications. This study examined the efficacy of a problem-solving-based intervention focused on caregiver medication management, problem solving, self-efficacy, and daily hassles. Caregiver health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and patient health care utilization were secondary outcomes.

Use of a Self-Report Medication Adherence Scale for Measuring Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in Patients With HIV/AIDS.

Background And Purpose: This study examined the psychometric properties of a 9-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-9) adapted specifically for patients with HIV/AIDS.

Methods: We used data from two randomized controlled trials investigating telephone-delivered interventions for improving adherence to antiretroviral therapy to assess reliability (Cronbach's α and Pearson's product correlation) and validity (convergent and concurrent) of the MMAS-9.

Results: The internal consistency (Cronbach's α) of the MMAS-9 was .

Psychometric Properties of the Problem Solving Inventory in Caregivers of Individuals With Memory Loss.

Limited research exists assessing problem-solving capabilities among caregivers of individuals with memory loss using a validated instrument. To address this gap, the current study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Problem Solving Inventory (PSI) using data at baseline and 8 weeks from a randomized controlled trial among caregivers (N = 78) of community-dwelling individuals with memory loss. Participants were mainly White (85.

Health literacy and its correlates in informal caregivers of adults with memory loss.

This secondary analysis examined health literacy among informal caregivers of community-dwelling older adults with memory loss and assessed correlates of caregiver health literacy using the Abilities, Skills and Knowledge Model. Caregiver health literacy (n = 91) was assessed by the Newest Vital Sign. Limited health literacy presented in 38.

Characteristics and Correlates of Caregivers' Perceptions of Their Family Members' Memory Loss.

Background: Understanding caregiver's perceptions of their family member's memory loss is a necessary step in planning nursing interventions to detect and address caregiver burden.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to characterize caregivers' perceptions of their family members' memory loss and identify potential correlates within Leventhal's common sense model (CSM).

Methods: This secondary analysis used baseline data from a larger randomized controlled trial.

Barriers and Motives to PA in South Asian Indian Immigrant Women.

The high prevalence of chronic illnesses in South Asian Indian immigrant women underscores the need for identifying factors that could influence their PA. The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine the perspectives of South Asian Indian immigrant women related to barriers to and motives for lifestyle PA within the PA Framework for South Asian Indian Immigrants. Forty women participated in focus groups that were conducted in English and Hindi.

Testing a model of health-related quality of life in women living with HIV infection.

Purpose: The purpose of this secondary analysis was to test Ferrans et al.'s (J Nurs Scholarsh 37(4):336-342, 2005) revised model of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (2005) modified from the Wilson and Cleary (J Am Med Assoc 273(1):59-65, 1995) model on women living with HIV. The primary aim was to test this model, examining the relations among the five central components (biological function, symptoms, functional status, general health perceptions, and HRQoL).

Patterns of palliative care service consultation in a sample of critically ill ICU patients at high risk of dying.

Objective: Describe patterns of palliative care service consultation among a sample of ICU patients at high risk of dying.

Background: Patients receiving mechanical ventilation (MV) face threats to comfort, social connectedness and dignity due to pain, heavy sedation and physical restraint. Palliative care consultation services may mitigate poor outcomes.

An intervention to maximize medication management by caregivers of persons with memory loss: Intervention overview and two-month outcomes.

Overseeing medication-taking is a critical aspect of dementia caregiving. This trial examined a tailored, problem-solving intervention designed to maximize medication management practices among caregivers of persons with memory loss. Eighty-three community-dwelling dyads (patient + informal caregiver) with a baseline average of 3 medication deficiencies participated.

Stressors and Caregivers' Depression: Multiple Mediators of Self-Efficacy, Social Support, and Problem-Solving Skill.

Caring for an older adult with memory loss is stressful. Caregiver stress could produce negative outcomes such as depression. Previous research is limited in examining multiple intermediate pathways from caregiver stress to depressive symptoms.

Workarounds in the Workplace: A Second Look.

Nursing workarounds have garnered increased attention over the past 15 years, corresponding with an increased focus on patient safety and evidence-based practice and a rise in the use of health information technologies (HITs). Workarounds have typically been viewed as deviations from best practice that put patients at risk for poor outcomes. However, this narrow view fails to take into consideration the multifactorial origins of workarounds.

The role of social support on the relationship of depressive symptoms to medication adherence and self-care activities in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Aim: To examine the mediating role of social support on the relationship of depressive symptoms to medication adherence and self-care activities in Korean adults.

Background: Recent evidence suggests that higher levels of social support are associated with improved medication adherence and self-care activities; however, the role of social support on the relationship of depressive symptoms to medication adherence and self-care activities is less well understood.

Design: A cross-sectional survey.

Super Learner Analysis of Electronic Adherence Data Improves Viral Prediction and May Provide Strategies for Selective HIV RNA Monitoring.

Objective: Regular HIV RNA testing for all HIV-positive patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is expensive and has low yield since most tests are undetectable. Selective testing of those at higher risk of failure may improve efficiency. We investigated whether a novel analysis of adherence data could correctly classify virological failure and potentially inform a selective testing strategy.

The validity of self-reported medication adherence as an outcome in clinical trials of adherence-promotion interventions: Findings from the MACH14 study.

In medication adherence-promotion trials, participants in the intervention arm are often cognizant of the researcher's aim to improve adherence; this may lead to their inflating reports of their own adherence compared to control arm participants. Using data from 1,247 HIV-positive participants across eight U.S.

Surviving with lung cancer: medication-taking and oral targeted therapy.

Oral epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFRIs) improve survival for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients; however, medication-taking implications are unknown. We used grounded theory to explore the process of medication-taking for NSCLC patients receiving oral EGFRIs. Thirty-two interviews were conducted for 13 participants purposively selected for gender, race/ethnicity, age, time in therapy, dose reductions, and therapy discontinuation and theoretically sampled for age and health insurance carrier.

Assessing usual care in clinical trials.

Researchers designing clinical trials often specify usual care received by participants as the control condition expecting that all participants receive usual care regardless of group assignment. The assumption is that the groups in the study are affected similarly. We describe the assessment of usual care within the 16 studies in Multisite Adherence Collaboration in HIV (MACH 14), a multisite collaboration on adherence to antiretroviral therapy.

Heterogeneity among studies in rates of decline of antiretroviral therapy adherence over time: results from the multisite adherence collaboration on HIV 14 study.

Objective: To use electronic drug monitoring to determine if adherence to HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) changes over time, whether changes are linear, and how the declines vary by study.

Design: We conducted a longitudinal study of pooled data from 11 different studies of HIV-infected adults using ART. The main outcome was ART adherence (percent of prescribed doses taken) measured by electronic drug monitoring.

"Everyday ethics" in the care of hospitalized older adults.

As the U.S. population ages, the proportion of hospitalized patients older than 65 years will continue to increase with a significant number likely to have some degree of cognitive impairment.

Characterizing caregiver-mediated medication management in patients with memory loss.

Increasingly, family members are assisting with the complex task of medication management when patients are experiencing cognitive decline. To date, limited published research addresses caregiver-mediated medication management of patients with impaired cognition. Thus, the purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics and correlates of caregiver-mediated medication management in community-dwelling patients with memory loss.

Development, implementation, and evaluation of an interprofessional course in translational research.

The advancement of research from basic science discovery to clinical application requires the extensive collaboration of individuals from multiple disciplines, therefore the ability to work as an effective interprofessional team is essential for researchers in clinical and translational science (CTS). Courses that build interprofessional skills are a key component in CTS education, but the development of these courses poses numerous administrative and educational challenges. This paper describes the processes of designing, implementing, and evaluating an innovative graduate-level course that combines online lectures and in-class facilitated group discussions to promote interprofessional interactions.