The alteration of apoptosis-related genes in female pelvic supportive tissues with regard to menopausal status.

Purpose: We aimed to compare the expression levels of anti-apoptotic and proapoptotic genes in the parametrium, sacrouterine and round ligaments with respect to menopausal status in women presenting without any indication of pelvic organ prolapse (POP). We hypothesized that apoptosis related gene expressions in female pelvic tissues may be altered during menopause.

Methods: The study groups consisted of pre-menopausal (n = 10) and menopausal (n = 10) females who did not have POP symptoms.

The value of detailed first-trimester ultrasound in the era of noninvasive prenatal testing.

Background: In 2020, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommended noninvasive prenatal testing be offered to all patients. However, current societal guidelines in the United States do not universally recommend a detailed first-trimester ultrasound.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the additional findings identified through first-trimester ultrasound that would have otherwise been missed if noninvasive prenatal testing was used alone as a first-trimester screening method.

Profiling of Immunomodulatory Genes and Quantification of CD25+ Cells in Different Types of Early Pregnancy Loss.

Introduction: Maternal regulatory T (Treg) cells play a pivotal role in establishing general immune homeostasis in the decidua for maintenance of pregnancy. We aimed in this study to investigate the relationship between mRNA expression of immunomodulatory genes and CD25+ Treg cells with early pregnancy losses.

Methods: Our study included 3 groups of early pregnancy losses including sporadic spontaneous abortions, recurrent spontaneous abortions, sporadic spontaneous abortions post IVF treatment and the control group.

Topography of the Heart: Mapping the Fetal Heart Through SlowflowHD.

SlowflowHD is a Doppler Ultrasound modality that is typically geared toward visualization of small-size vessels and low velocity blood flow. In this commentary, we emphasize the importance of implementing the use of SlowflowHD as an adjunct to traditional Doppler modalities in the echocardiography screening in both the first and second trimester. This modality carries many characteristics that allow it to overcome the limitations of our current ultrasound modalities and facilitate mapping of the entirety of the fetal heart.

Prenatal diagnosis of cystic hygroma cases in a tertiary centre and retrospective analysis of pregnancy results.

The aim of this study is to retrospectively examine invasive diagnostic methods, structural anomalies accompanying cystic hygroma, and pregnancy outcomes in cystic hygroma cases admitted to a tertiary centre. The population of the study consisted of 29 live foetuses with cystic hygroma in the foetal neck only in the first or second trimester. In the study, pregnant women who applied to our centre were included.

Morbidly obese pregnant woman with congenital leptin deficiency: Follow-up and obstetric outcome.

Congenital leptin deficiency is a rare congenital genetic disease. It is characterized by early-onset, severe morbid obesity. The disease occurs due to mutations in the LEP gene.

The effect of oral contraceptive use on sympatic nerve activity in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: High sympathetic nerve activity, is thought to be a cardiovascular risk factor, has been shown to correlate with circulating high testosterone levels. However its role on the pathophysiology of the polycystic ovarian syndrome has not been clearly established. The aim of our study is to compare the sympathetic nerve activity between polycystic ovarian syndrome and control group and to determine whether the use of oral contraceptives for contraception has any effect on this activity.

Effect of mucinous differentiation in endometrioid type endometrial cancers on prognosis.

Objectives: To evaluate the influence of mucinous differentiation in endometrioid endometrial cancer regarding spread and prognosis.

Material And Methods: Endometrioid endometrial cancer cases between 2015 and 2020 were collected retrospectively and divided into two groups according to the cytoplasmic mucin including. Prognostic factors and cancer spread related parameters were evaluated.

Measures against COVID-19 pandemic - a single tertiary center experience.

This paper reports the measures taken to manage the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on O&G services in a tertiary referal centre and their outcomes. All the patients included in this study received inpatient treatment and underwent surgery between March 10 2020 and end of June 2020, including obstetric or gynaecologic cases combined. Data including age, diagnosis, operation, duration of preoperative and postoperative hospital stay, COVID-19 status were recorded.

Diagnosis of central nervous system abnormalities: comparison of prenatal neurosonography and foetal magnetic resonance imaging findings.

Magnetic resonance imagining (MRI) is gradually becoming the more preferred imaging modality in the evaluation of central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities rather than foetal ultrasonography (USG). The aim of this study was to compare the findings of prenatal neurosonography and foetal MRI. The study was a retrospective study analysing the records of 160 pregnant women who underwent both foetal MRI and USG due to suspicion of CNS abnormalities between 2008 and 2019.

Villitis of Unknown Etiology in the Placenta of a Pregnancy Complicated by COVID-19.

Villitis of unknown etiology (VUE) is noninfectious chronic villitis thought to be associated with fetal growth restriction and stillbirth. COVID-19 and the pandemic SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause an increased risk in pregnant women for potential maternal and fetal complications from an immunological mechanism. We report a 39-week-gestational-age infant delivered to a 37-year-old mother diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection at 37 weeks gestation.

A prospective cohort study on the prediction of fetal distress and neonatal status with arterial and venous Doppler measurements in appropriately grown term fetuses.

Purpose: To assess the predictive power of the cerebro-placental ratio (CPR) and the venous-arterial index (VAI) for the development of intrapartum fetal distress (FD) and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission.

Methods: Fetal umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery and umbilical vein Doppler measurements were obtained before the active phase of labor in 311 singleton pregnancies at ≥37 weeks. A continuous electronic fetal monitorization was applied, and an umbilical cord blood sample was obtained for each participant.

Different Effects of Myoinositol plus Folic Acid versus Combined Oral Treatment on Androgen Levels in PCOS Women.

Recently, myoinositol (myo-ins) and folic acid combination has gained an important role for treating Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), in addition to combined oral contraceptives (COC). We aimed to examine myo-ins effects on anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels and compare them with those ones obtained administering COC. In this prospective study, 137 PCOS patients, diagnosed according to Rotterdam criteria and admitted to the Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility Outpatient Clinic at Dokuz Eylul University (Izmir, Turkey), were included.

Role of kisspeptin in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Objective: Due to the complex relationship between kisspeptin and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, the study was planned to measure the kisspeptin levels in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to analyze the correlations between kisspeptin and PCOS-related reproductive, metabolic changes.

Methods: The study was designed as a prospective study in Dokuz Eylul University between December 2011 and September 2013. A total of 285 PCOS cases and 162 controls were recruited.

Fetal circulatory variation in an acute incident causing bradycardia.

Umbilical artery\vein, middle cerebral artery, and ductus venosus Doppler velocimetry were performed at 33 weeks of gestation in the settings of an intrauterine growth restricted fetus during a heart rate deceleration. Interestingly, we recorded a sudden onset redistribution of fetal blood flow with fetal bradycardia. Spontaneous normalization of waveforms was observed once fetal heart rate returned to normal.

The effect of drospirenone (3 mg) with ethinyl estradiol (30 mcg) containing pills on ovarian blood flows in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a case controlled study.

Objective: To evaluate whether oral contraceptive pill (OCP) therapy has any effects on ovarian stromal blood flow by using pulsed and color Doppler at the end of 3 months follow-up period of OCP-users and non-users with or without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Study Design: 200 patients were included in the study. The patients were designed into four groups as follows; Group 1: PCOS patients that received OCP containing 30 mcg ethinyl estradiol (EE) plus 3mg drospirenone for 3 months (DRP n=50); Group 2: PCOS patients that received no medication (n=50); Group 3: Healthy controls that received OCP (EE plus DRP) (n=50); Group 4: healthy controls that received no medication (n=50).

Alteration of apoptosis-related genes in postmenopausal women with uterine prolapse.

Introduction And Hypothesis: We aimed to compare expression levels of antiapoptotic and proapoptotic genes in parametrial and vaginal tissues from postmenopausal women with and without pelvic organ prolapse (POP). We hypothesized that the expression of genes that induce apoptosis may be altered in vaginal and parametrial tissues in postmenopausal women with POP.

Methods: Samples of vaginal and parametrial tissues were obtained from postmenopausal women with (n = 10) and without (n = 10) POP who underwent vaginal or abdominal hysterectomy.

Analysis of perinatal outcome by combination of first trimester maternal plasma homocysteine with uterine artery Doppler velocimetry.

Objective: To analyse the pregnancy outcome by combining plasma homocysteine with uterine artery Doppler velocimetry at 11 to 14 weeks of gestation.

Method: A prospective cohort study with 103 healthy pregnant women. Uterine artery Doppler velocimetry was performed at between 11 and 14 weeks of gestation.