Environmental and dietary factors associated with urinary OH-PAHs in mid-pregnancy in a large multi-site study.

Background: PAH exposure is associated with adverse health outcomes, but exposure sources in pregnancy are not well-understood.

Objectives: We examined associations between urinary OH-PAHs during pregnancy and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and short-term ambient air pollution exposure. Participants included 1603 pregnant non-smokers in three cohorts from 7 sites across the USA.

Urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolite concentrations in three pregnancy cohorts from 7 U.S. study sites.

Objective: Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is associated with adverse birth and developmental outcomes in children. We aimed to describe prenatal PAH exposures in a large, multisite U.S.

Analyzing COVID-19 Rates Between Residents and Staff in Correctional Facilities: A Telemedicine Opportunity.

To evaluate the relationship of COVID-19 infection rates between residents and staff members in prison facilities. We collected historical data on daily COVID-19 counts for California, Florida, and Wisconsin residents and staff. We analyzed 78,250 COVID-19 cases among residents and 25,392 cases among staff.

Assessment of Stakeholder Perceptions and Cost of Implementing a Telemedicine Specialty Program at Correctional Facilities in North Carolina.

Background Delivering in-person health care to the more than 1.2 million incarcerated adults can be expensive, logistically challenging, fragmented, and pose security risks. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the implementation of a specialty care telemedicine program in statewide prisons in North Carolina during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Changes in children's dental fear after restorative treatment under different sedation types: Associations with parents' experiences and dental health.

Background: Dentists often use sedative medications such as nitrous oxide inhaled sedation and general anesthesia (GA) to help decrease patient fear and manage paediatric patients' behavior during treatment.

Aim: The goal of this study was to examine factors associated with dental fear changes after restorative dental treatment under nitrous oxide or GA in children 4-12 years old.

Design: A prospective cohort study of 124 children examined changes in dental fear, number of treatment visits, and parental factors among children receiving restorative dental treatment under nitrous oxide (n = 68) or GA (n = 56) sedation.

Health beliefs of emerging adults: How colleges may enhance student health literacy and co-produce healthy outcomes.

Health literacy is important while attending a residential college where daily decisions can impact one's physical and mental health and knowing who or what to trust for information is of the utmost importance in claiming more decision-making autonomy. A total of 189 students at a University in the Northeastern United States participated in this study. A cross-sectional survey assessment of shared beliefs around health behaviors was conducted.

Digital Health Experiences of Incarcerated Populations Using Telemedicine in North Carolina Prisons.

More than 1.2 million adults are incarcerated in the United States and hence, require health care from prison systems. The current delivery of care to incarcerated individualss is expensive, logistically challenging, risk fragmenting care, and pose security risks.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Language Skills of Youth Offenders.

Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis estimates the overall language skills of youth offenders involved with the juvenile justice system. Given the importance of this population, identifying avenues through which we can increase the likelihood of successful interventions is a necessary societal effort.

Method: Eighteen studies, representing data from 3,304 individuals, contributed 82 effect sizes to the current analytic sample.

Prenatal urinary metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and toddler cognition, language, and behavior.

Background: Animal and epidemiological studies suggest that prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may negatively impact toddler neurodevelopment.

Methods: We investigated this association in 835 mother-child pairs from CANDLE, a diverse pregnancy cohort in the mid-South region of the U.S.

Implementation and Evaluation of a Telemedicine Program for Specialty Care in North Carolina Correctional Facilities.

This cross-sectional study evaluates the implementation of a telemedicine program in North Carolina prisons based on responses from individuals who were incarcerated, health care practitioners, and telepresenters.

Exploratory Qualitative Analysis of Early Literacy Engagement in Latinx Parents of a Child With a Cleft.

Literacy interventions are needed for children born with orofacial clefts, particularly for Latinx children who may experience multiple risk factors. To collect formative data for intervention design, focus groups and interviews were completed with 18 Latinx parents of children ages 13 to 49 months with orofacial clefts. Interviews focused on literacy experiences and practices.

Longitudinal Analysis of Children's Oral Health-Related Quality of Life After Restorative Dental Treatment.

To document mid- and long-term changes in oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) following dental intervention in a sample of restorative treatment-naïve children receiving different levels of care, with and without general anesthesia (GA). This prospective cohort study followed 132 children. Parents completed the pediatric OHRQoL instrument (POQL) before, 16 weeks after (i.

The usual suspect: How to co-create healthier meat products.

Healthier meat products have a major economic potential and are attracting considerable research and media attention to meet the growing and complex consumer demand. Whether this potential will be realized and at what speed is contingent on consumers' acceptance of these novel foods. This study uses a cross-cultural context to co-create new healthier meat products, while mapping the conditions leading to consumers' product acceptance (vs.

Prediction of school-age IQ, academic achievement, and motor skills in children with positional plagiocephaly.

Introduction: Children with positional plagiocephaly and/or brachycephaly (PPB) are at risk of early developmental delay, but little is known about early life factors associated with school-age neurodevelopment. This study examined associations of demographic characteristics, prenatal risk factors and early neurodevelopment assessment with school-age IQ, academic performance, and motor development in children with PPB.

Methods: The study sample consisted of 235 school-age children with PPB followed since infancy.

Home Language Environment of Children With Orofacial Clefts as a Target for Intervention.

Objective: To evaluate the home language environment (HLE) in children with orofacial clefts as a potential modifiable target for language and literacy intervention.

Design: Feasibility study examining longitudinal trends in HLE and responses to parent-focused literacy intervention.

Setting: Tertiary care children's hospital.

Caregiver Perspectives on School Participation Among Students With Craniofacial Microsomia.

Importance: Knowledge of unmet school participation needs for students with craniofacial microsomia (CFM) can inform decisions regarding intervention support.

Objective: To compare students with and without CFM on school participation (i.e.

Do Infant Motor Skills Mediate the Association Between Positional Plagiocephaly/Brachycephaly and Cognition in School-Aged Children?

Objective: Positional plagiocephaly/brachycephaly (PPB) is associated with lower cognitive scores in school-aged children. This study tested the hypothesis that infant motor skills mediate this association.

Methods: Children with a history of PPB (cases, n = 187) and without PPB (controls, n = 149) were followed from infancy through approximately 9 years of age.

Cognitive, Motor, and Language Development of Preschool Children With Craniofacial Microsomia.

Objective: To examine neurodevelopment in preschool-aged children with craniofacial microsomia (CFM) relative to unaffected peers.

Design: Multisite, longitudinal cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary care centers in the United States.

Behavioral Adjustment of Preschool Children With and Without Craniofacial Microsomia.

Objective: The study aim was to assess behavioral adjustment in preschool children with and without craniofacial microsomia (CFM).

Design: Multisite cohort study of preschoolers with CFM ("cases") or without CFM ("controls").

Participants: Mothers (89%), fathers (9%), and other caregivers (2%) of 161 preschoolers.

Community participation in youth with craniofacial microsomia.

Purpose: To examine differences in community participation and environmental support for youth with and without craniofacial microsomia.

Methods: This study involved secondary analyses of a subset of data ( = 396) from a longitudinal cohort study. Multiple linear and Poisson regression analyses and Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney tests were used to estimate differences in community participation and environmental support between youth with craniofacial microsomia and youth without craniofacial microsomia, stratified based on their history of education and health-related service use.