Optimizing the AKI definition during first postnatal week using Assessment of Worldwide Acute Kidney Injury Epidemiology in Neonates (AWAKEN) cohort.

Background: Neonates with serum creatinine (SCr) rise ≥0.3 mg/dL and/or ≥50% SCr rise are more likely to die, even when controlling for confounders. These thresholds have not been tested in newborns.

Relation of blood pressure and body mass index during childhood to cardiovascular risk factor levels in young adults.

Introduction: Adult obesity and hypertension are leading causes of cardiovascular morbidity/mortality. Although childhood BMI and blood pressure (BP) track into adulthood, how they influence adult cardiovascular risk independent of each other is not well defined.

Methods: Participants were from two longitudinal studies with a baseline evaluation at mean age of 13 years and a follow-up at mean age of 24 years.

Albuminuria in children.

Purpose Of Review: Albuminuria is a marker of present and future cardiovascular and renal morbidity, and mortality, in adults. Because the roots of these diseases extend back into childhood, assessment of albuminuria has become relevant to child and adolescent clinical care.

Recent Findings: Normal levels of albumin excretion in children are well below the cut-off for microalbuminuria.

Albumin excretion rate in normal adolescents: relation to insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk factors and comparisons to type 1 diabetes mellitus patients.

Background And Objectives: Although albumin excretion rates have been related to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in both diabetic and nondiabetic adults, little is known about the relation between albuminuria and either cardiovascular risk factors or the insulin resistance syndrome in adolescents. A normal range for albumin excretion in adolescents was established, correlations between albumin excretion and cardiovascular risk factors were evaluated, and albumin excretion in normal adolescents was compared with that in type 1 diabetes mellitus adolescents.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: Albumin excretion rate was measured in 368 normal and 175 diabetic adolescents.