New horizons in criminal legal data: creating a comprehensive archive.

While criminal legal involvement is a structural determinant of health, both administrative and national longitudinal cohort data are collected and made available in a way that prevents a full understanding of this relationship. Administrative data are both collected and overseen by the same entity and are incomplete, delayed, and/or uninterpretable. Cohort data often only ask these questions to the most vulnerable, and do not include all types of criminal legal involvement, when this involvement occurs in someone's life, or family and community involvement.

How Parental Incarceration Shapes the Timing and Structure of Fertility for Children of Incarcerated Parents.

The timing and structure of fertility have important implications for individuals and society. Families play a critical role in fertility; however, little is known about how parental incarceration shapes fertility despite it being a common experience in the life course of disadvantaged children. This study examines the consequences of parental incarceration for children's fertility using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997.

How do academic and career services affect employment, education, and disability benefit receipt in the transition to adulthood for youth with disabilities who have aged out of foster care?

The transition to adulthood is an important process with implications for inequality. Both those with disabilities and those who age of out of foster care are vulnerable during this transition. This project examines the intersection of these groups, exploring employment, education, and disability benefit receipt, the supports these youth receive, and how these supports may mitigate risk in this transition.

Enzymatic Benzofuranoindoline Formation in the Biosynthesis of the Strained Bridgehead Bicyclic Dipeptide (+)-Azonazine A.

We uncovered and reconstituted a concise biosynthetic pathway of the strained dipeptide (+)-azonazine A from marine-derived Aspergillus insulicola. Formation of the hexacyclic benzofuranoindoline ring system from cyclo-(l-Trp-N-methyl-l-Tyr) is catalyzed by a P450 enzyme through an oxidative cyclization. Supplementing the producing strain with various indole-substituted tryptophan derivatives resulted in the generation of a series of azonazine A analogs.

Characteristics of recently incarcerated primary care patients with and without a positive posttraumatic stress disorder screening upon clinic intake.

Objective: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent among people who have been incarcerated. Here, we examined whether screening positive for PTSD was associated with other indicators of poor health, acute healthcare utilization, and poverty among primary care patients upon release from incarceration.

Method: We conducted a cross-sectional survey in a national network of primary care clinics serving people recently released from incarceration.

Differential self-reported COVID-19 impacts among U.S. secondary teachers by race/ethnicity.

The COVID-19 pandemic created drastic changes for public education in the United States, including the role and responsibilities of educators. This study explores the self-reported psycho-social implications of COVID-19 among U.S.

The COVID-19 pandemic behind bars: Experimental evidence showing higher support for decarceration when framed as risk to correctional staff.

This study examined the effect of framing COVID-19 spread in correctional facilities as impacting imprisoned individuals or impacting correctional staff on public support for decarceration. I employed an experiment in the 2021 Empire State Poll (n = 765) in which participants were randomly assigned to a treatment condition, which highlighted information about the number of COVID-19 cases among imprisoned individuals, or a control condition, which highlighted correctional staff instead. Participants reported how supportive or unsupportive they are of releasing imprisoned individuals to curb the spread of COVID-19.

Tandem high resolution mass spectrometry based phytochemical composition of Sauromatum guttatum tubers and its enzyme inhibitory potential with molecular docking.

Sauromatum guttatum has been traditionally used in the treatment of snakebite and tumors in India, Pakistan, and China. However, it lacks detailed phytochemical composition like other members of the family Araceae. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the phytochemical composition of crude methanolic extract and subsequent fractions from S.

Re-evaluation of the Fijianolide/Laulimalide Chemotype Suggests an Alternate Mechanism of Action for C-15/C-20 Analogs.

Herein, we report on naturally derived microtubule stabilizers with activity against triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines, including paclitaxel, fijianolide B/laulimalide (), fijianolide B di-acetate (), and two new semisynthetic analogs of , which include fijianolide J () and fijianolide L (). Similar to paclitaxel, compound demonstrated classic microtubule stabilizing activity with potent (GI = 0.7-17 nM) antiproliferative efficacy among the five molecularly distinct TNBC cell lines.

Natural Product Phenolic Diglycosides Created from Wildfires, Defining Their Impact on California and Oregon Grapes and Wines.

Forest fires produce malodorous phenols, bioaccumulated in grapes as odorless phenol glycosides (mono- to tri-), and produce unpleasant wines when these complexes are transformed by glycosidases in saliva. Metabolomic analyses were used to further understand by quantitating marker phenolic diglycosides via UHPLC separations and MS/MS multiple reaction monitoring. A collection of grapes and wines provided data to forecast wine quality of grapes subjected to wildfire smoke infestations; the analytics used a panel of reference compounds (-).

Differential Risks: How Disability Shapes Risk in the Transition to Adulthood for Youth who Age Out of Foster Care.

Objective: This study examines how disability is associated with risk during the transition to adulthood for youth who age out of foster care and considers how experiences in the child welfare system contribute to these associations.

Background: The transition to adulthood is important for later socioeconomic standing, health, and wellbeing. Youth who age out of foster care with disabilities may require a high level of support during this transition yet may lack support.

Assessing the ethnobotanical potential of Carissa opaca berries by merging outcomes from metabolomics profiling, enzyme assays, and in silico docking studies.

The phytochemical profile of Carissa opaca fruit extract and fractions was established through dereplication strategies employing LC-MS/MS and global natural product social molecular networking (GNPS). Crude extract and fractions were evaluated for their potential to inhibit α-glucosidase and urease in vitro. Flavonoid-O-glycosides, flavonoid-C-glycosides, flavonoids, proanthocyanidin B2, phenolics, and triterpenoids were annotated as the major classes of secondary metabolites present in the extract and fractions.

The role of stress and absence: How household member incarceration is associated with risky sexual health behaviors.

Sexual health is a critical indicator of wellbeing with consequences for population health. However, little is known about whether and how household member incarceration affects the sexual health behaviors of young adults. This study seeks to assess the association between household member incarceration and sexual health behaviors and provides an initial test of mechanisms.

COVID-19 cases and testing in 53 prison systems.

Background: COVID-19 has entered United States prison systems at alarming rates. Disparities in social and structural determinants of health disproportionately affect those experiencing incarceration, making them more vulnerable to COVID-19. Additionally, prisons are sites of congregate living, making it impossible to practice social distancing, and most prisons have relied only on incremental measures to reduce risk and spread of COVID-19.

Highlights of marine natural products having parallel scaffolds found from marine-derived bacteria, sponges, and tunicates.

Marine-derived bacteria are a prolific source of a wide range of structurally diverse natural products. This review, dedicated to Professor William Fenical, begins by showcasing many seminal discoveries made at the University of California San Diego from marine-derived actinomycetes. Discussed early on is the 20-year journey of discovery and advancement of the seminal actinomycetes natural product salinosporamide A into Phase III anticancer clinical trials.

Reinvestigation of Mycothiazole Reveals the Penta-2,4-dien-1-ol Residue Imparts Picomolar Potency and 8 Configuration.

Reinvestigation of mycothiazole () revealed picomolar potency (IC = 0.00016, 0.00027, 0.

Unraveling Structures Containing Highly Conjugated Pyrrolo[4,3,2-]quinoline Cores That Are Deficient in Diagnostic Proton NMR Signals.

This study began with the goal of identifying additional constituents from extracts obtained from an Indo-Pacific sponge (coll. no. 06132).

Beyond the Classroom: The Intergenerational Effect of Incarceration on Children's Academic and Nonacademic School-Related Outcomes in High School.

The author uses strategic comparison regression and the Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health ( = 11,767) to explore the effect of parental incarceration on academic and nonacademic outcomes in high school. This method compares youth whose parents were incarcerated before the outcomes are measured with those whose parents will be incarcerated after. The author examines most recent grades and a range of nonacademic outcomes, such as truancy, involvement in school activities, and suspension.

Criminal justice continuum for opioid users at risk of overdose.

The United States (US) is in the midst of an epidemic of opioid use; however, overdose mortality disproportionately affects certain subgroups. For example, more than half of state prisoners and approximately two-thirds of county jail detainees report issues with substance use. Overdose is one of the leading causes of mortality among individuals released from correctional settings.

Exploring Healthcare Experiences for Incarcerated Individuals Who Identify as Transgender in a Southern Jail.

To document the health-related experiences and needs of jail detainees who self-identified as transgender women. Semistructured interviews with 10 transgender women of color were conducted in a county jail in a mid-sized southern city between 2015 and 2016. Interviews were recorded and transcribed, and later analyzed using a general inductive approach.

The Cumulative Probability of Arrest by Age 28 Years in the United States by Disability Status, Race/Ethnicity, and Gender.

Objectives: To estimate the cumulative probability (c) of arrest by age 28 years in the United States by disability status, race/ethnicity, and gender.

Methods: I estimated cumulative probabilities through birth cohort life tables with data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1997.

Results: Estimates demonstrated that those with disabilities have a higher cumulative probability of arrest (c = 42.

Long-term housing subsidies and SSI/SSDI income: Creating health-promoting contexts for families experiencing housing instability with disabilities.

Background: Though disability and housing instability are discussed separately in public health literature, few studies address families at their intersection. As a result, little is known about families who experience both homelessness and disability, how many receive disability benefits like SSI and SSDI, or the influence of those benefits on health-promoting outcomes like housing stability and self-sufficiency. Moreover, no previous research compares the ability of different housing and service interventions to increase disability benefit access.

Navigating the Disability Determination Process from the Perspective of Incarcerated Adults with Serious Mental Illnesses.

In the U.S. serious mental illness (SMI) is common in jails, which are often primary healthcare providers.