In Vitro Testing of Trichomonas vaginalis Drug Susceptibility: Evaluation of Minimal Lethal Concentrations for Metronidazole and Tinidazole That Correspond With Treatment Failure.

Background: The only drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for oral treatment of trichomoniasis belong to the 5-nitroimidazole group. Most individuals infected with Trichomonas vaginalis can be cured with a standard treatment of metronidazole or tinidazole, but it is estimated that more than 159,000 people fail treatment each year. Although a minimal lethal concentration (MLC) corresponding to treatment failure has been reported for metronidazole, the MLC for tinidazole associated with treatment failure has not been determined.

Horizons and Group Motivational Enhancement Therapy: HIV Prevention for Alcohol-Using Young Black Women, a Randomized Experiment.

Introduction: Black women are at disproportionately greater risk for HIV and sexually transmitted infections than women of other ethnic/racial backgrounds. Alcohol use may further elevate the risk of HIV/sexually transmitted infection acquisition and transmission.

Study Design: A random-assignment parallel-group comparative treatment efficacy trial was conducted with random assignment to 1 of 3 conditions.

Exploring Changes in Racial/Ethnic Disparities of HIV Diagnosis Rates Under the "Ending the HIV Epidemic: A Plan for America" Initiative.

Objectives: Racial/ethnic disparities in HIV diagnosis rates remain despite the availability of effective treatment and prevention tools in the United States. In 2019, President Trump announced the "Ending the HIV Epidemic: A Plan for America" (EHE) initiative to reduce new HIV infections in the United States at least 75% by 2025 and at least 90% by 2030. The objective of this study was to show the potential effect of the EHE initiative on racial/ethnic disparities in HIV diagnosis rates at the national level.

Social and Structural Factors Associated with Sustained Viral Suppression Among Heterosexual Black Men with Diagnosed HIV in the United States, 2015-2017.

This paper describes sociodemographic, sexual risk behavior, and clinical care factors associated with sustained viral suppression (SVS) among heterosexual Black men with diagnosed HIV in the US. Sample was 968 men, 2015-2017 cycles of Medical Monitoring Project. We used prevalence ratios and a multivariable logistic regression model to identify independent predictors of SVS.

US Regional Changes in Racial/Ethnic Disparities in HIV Diagnoses Among Women in the United States, 2012 and 2017.

Racial/ethnic and geographic disparities in HIV diagnosis rates exist among women in the United States. Black/African American women are disproportionately affected; rates are highest in the South and Northeast. Monitoring progress towards eliminating disparities in HIV diagnosis rates among women is a national HIV prevention goal.

Successfully Recruiting Black and Hispanic/Latino Adolescents for Sexually Transmitted Infection and HIV Prevention Research.

Disparities in rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV between Black/African American and Hispanic/Latino adolescents and their white counterparts are well documented. Researchers may encounter notable challenges recruiting Black/African American and Hispanic/Latino adolescents for sexual risk reduction studies. In this article, we present information to assist with planning, implementing, and evaluating recruitment and retention strategies.

Disparities in Incidence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Among Black and White Women - United States, 2010-2016.

Incident human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections among adolescent females and women declined during 2010-2016, with the largest decrease (21%) occurring among black women (1). However, in 2016, although black women accounted for 13% of the U.S.

Psychological and social determinants of health, antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence, and viral suppression among HIV-positive black women in care.

Black women are disproportionately affected by HIV, accounting for 61% of women diagnosed in 2016. Black women with HIV are less likely to be adherent to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and virally suppressed compared to women of other racial/ethnic groups. We analyzed 2013-2014 data from 1703 black women patients in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Medical Monitoring Project to examine whether select psychological and social determinants of health (SDH) factors were associated with ART adherence and viral suppression.

Trends in Geographic Rates of HIV Diagnoses Among Black Females in the United States, 2010-2015.

Background: HIV diagnoses among females in the United States declined 22% from 2010 to 2015, including a 27% decline in diagnoses among black females. Despite this progress, disparities persist. Black females accounted for 60% of new HIV diagnoses among females in 2015.

Effectively Addressing Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disparities Affecting US Black Women.

Black women have disproportionately higher rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and low percentages being linked to care and becoming virally suppressed, compared with women of other races/ethnicities. To date, few evidence-based HIV prevention and care interventions tailored for black women exist. We highlight three essential factors to consider in designing culturally and gender-appropriate studies to address HIV-related disparities affecting black women: (1) social determinants of HIV risk, (2) determinants of equity, and (3) perceptions of black women's sexuality.

Acceptability of oral rapid HIV testing at dental clinics in communities with high HIV prevalence in South Florida.

Background: Expanding HIV screening for populations at risk necessitates testing in nontraditional settings. We assessed HIV testing in dental clinics in South Florida, an urban area with the highest rates of HIV diagnoses in the United States in 2015.

Aims: We explored patients' acceptance of oral HIV rapid tests administered by dental providers and identified reasons for accepting or declining HIV testing.

Developing FAITHH: Methods to Develop a Faith-Based HIV Stigma-Reduction Intervention in the Rural South.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disproportionately affects Blacks/African Americans, particularly those residing in the southern United States. HIV-related stigma adversely affects strategies to successfully engage people in HIV education, prevention, and care. Interventions targeting stigma reduction are vital as additional tools to move toward improved outcomes with HIV prevention and care, consistent with national goals.

Testing our FAITHH: HIV stigma and knowledge after a faith-based HIV stigma reduction intervention in the Rural South.

Eliminating racial/ethnic HIV disparities requires HIV-related stigma reduction. African-American churches have a history of addressing community concerns, including health issues, but may also contribute to stigma. We developed and pilot tested a faith-based, anti-stigma intervention with 12 African-American churches in rural Alabama.

Do As I Say: Using Communication Role-Plays to Assess Sexual Assertiveness Following an Intervention.

Sexual risk reduction interventions are often ineffective for women who drink alcohol. The present study examines whether an alcohol-related sexual risk reduction intervention successfully trains women to increase assertive communication behaviors and decrease aggressive communication behaviors. Women demonstrated their communication skills during interactive role-plays with male role-play partners.

Examining interest in secondary abstinence among young African American females at risk for HIV or STIs.

Sexually active African American females are at increased risk for acquiring HIV or STIs. However, some reduce their risk by abstaining from sex for various periods of time following initiation, a practice known as secondary abstinence. Although this may be a valuable mechanism for reducing HIV or STI rates in this population, little is known about those interested in secondary abstinence.

Applying ecological perspectives to adolescent sexual health in the United States: rhetoric or reality?

This study sought to determine the perspective taken toward understanding adolescent sexual risk behaviors and related biological outcomes (i.e. pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases) since 1990.