The association of cholesterol levels with memory and memory change over a 14-year period in a US national cohort.

Introduction: The impact of cholesterol on late-life cognition remains controversial. We investigated the association of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and non-HDL-C with memory in a nationally representative cohort.

Methods: Health and Retirement Study (HRS) participants ( = 13,258) aged 50+ (mean age: 67.

Visual Impairment, Eye Conditions, and Diagnoses of Neurodegeneration and Dementia.

Importance: Vision and eye conditions are associated with increased risk for Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRDs), but the nature of the association and the underlying biological pathways remain unclear. If causal, vision would be an important modifiable risk factor with viable population-level interventions.

Objective: To evaluate potentially causal associations between visual acuity, eye conditions (specifically cataracts and myopia), neuroimaging outcomes, and ADRDs.

Metformin Cessation and Dementia Incidence.

Importance: Prior studies suggested that metformin may be associated with reduced dementia incidence, but associations may be confounded by disease severity and prescribing trends. Cessation of metformin therapy in people with diabetes typically occurs due to signs of kidney dysfunction but sometimes is due to less serious adverse effects associated with metformin.

Objective: To investigate the association of terminating metformin treatment for reasons unrelated to kidney dysfunction with dementia incidence.

Contribution of life course cardiovascular risk factors to racial disparities in dementia incidence.

Background: Racial disparities in dementia outcomes persist in the United States. Targeting modifiable risk factors, including cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs), is a conceivable way to reduce health disparities. Life course CVRFs are often higher in non-White adults and are associated with risk of dementia, but it is unknown whether they contribute to racial disparities in dementia and cognition.

Sex-specific mechanisms of tolerance for the cannabinoid agonists CP55,940 and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ-THC).

Rationale: Tolerance to cannabinoids could limit their therapeutic potential. Male mice expressing a desensitization-resistant form (S426A/S430A) of the type-1 cannabinoid receptor (CBR) show delayed tolerance to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆-THC) but not CP55,940. With more women than men using medical cannabis for pain relief, it is essential to understand sex differences in cannabinoid antinociception, hypothermia, and resultant tolerance.