Clinical review of treatment options for select nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson's disease.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with a host of nonmotor symptoms, including psychosis, cognitive impairment, depression, sleep disturbance, swallowing disorders, gastrointestinal symptoms, and autonomic dysfunction. The nonmotor symptoms of PD have the potential to be more debilitating than the motor features of the disorder.

Objective: The aim of this article was to review treatment options for the nonmotor manifestations of PD, including pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions.

Review of osteoporosis pharmacotherapy for geriatric patients.

Background: Fractures are a significant problem in geriatric patients, and understanding the evidence for benefit and possible harm of osteoporosis treatments is critical to appropriate management of this patient population.

Objective: The purpose of this article was to review the evidence and treatment considerations related to use of the approved osteoporosis treatments in the United States across the continuum of ages in the geriatric population.

Methods: MEDLINE and the Web of Science were searched to find English-language articles published from 2000 through July 2009.

Treatment of chorea associated with Huntington's disease: focus on tetrabenazine.

Objective: Review Huntington's disease (HD) and the role of tetrabenazine (TBZ) in treating chorea associated with this disease. Discuss the pharmacology, side-effect profile, drug interactions, precautions, and contraindications of TBZ.

Data Sources: Literature identified within MEDLINE and PubMED.

Pharmacological management of glycemic control in the geriatric patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: Discuss geriatric considerations in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and review the advantages and disadvantages of the various pharmacologic agents, including oral medications and insulin, currently available for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Data Sources: Literature identified within MEDLINE and PubMED, with an emphasis on material published since 2000, were reviewed.

Study Selection: Overall, 67 primary study manuscripts, clinical reviews, and dosing guidelines were identified and reviewed based on their clinical relevance to the geriatric population.