Pediatric Practice Redesign with Group Well Child Care Visits: A Multi-Site Study.

Objectives: Multiple barriers exist to delivering efficient, effective well child care, especially in low-income, immigrant communities. Practice redesign strategies, including group well child care, have shown promise in improving care delivery and healthcare outcomes. To assess the feasibility of a group well child care program at multiple urban, academic practices caring for underserved, mostly immigrant children, and to evaluate health outcomes and process measures compared to traditional care.

Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Attitudes and Consumption During the First 1000 Days of Life.

Objectives: To examine the relationship of parental sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) attitudes with SSB consumption during the first 1000 days of life-gestation to age 2 years.

Methods: We studied 394 Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)-enrolled families during the first 1000 days of life in northern Manhattan, New York, in 2017. In regression models, we assessed cross-sectional relationships of parental SSB attitude scores with habitual daily parent SSB calories and infant SSB consumption, adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic characteristics.

Hepatic Nuclear Receptor Expression Associates with Features of Histology in Pediatric Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in children and adults. This study examined the relationship between hepatic nuclear receptor (NR) expression and histologic features of NAFLD. Drugs targeting a variety of NRs for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are in clinical trials.

Associations of Early to Mid-Childhood Adiposity with Elevated Mid-Childhood Alanine Aminotransferase Levels in the Project Viva Cohort.

Objectives: To examine the longitudinal relationship of early to mid-childhood adiposity measures with mid-childhood alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels.

Study Design: We studied 635 children in the Project Viva cohort. Research staff measured weight, height, skinfolds thicknesses, and waist and hip circumferences at early (median 3.

Alcohol disinhibition of behaviors in C. elegans.

Alcohol has a wide variety of effects on physiology and behavior. One of the most well-recognized behavioral effects is disinhibition, where behaviors that are normally suppressed are displayed following intoxication. A large body of evidence has shown that alcohol-induced disinhibition in humans affects attention, verbal, sexual, and locomotor behaviors.

Caenorhabditis elegans selects distinct crawling and swimming gaits via dopamine and serotonin.

Many animals, including humans, select alternate forms of motion (gaits) to move efficiently in different environments. However, it is unclear whether primitive animals, such as nematodes, also use this strategy. We used a multifaceted approach to study how the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans freely moves into and out of water.