Comparison of ATR-FTIR and NIR spectroscopy for identification of microplastics in biosolids.

Biosolids are considered a potentially major input of microplastics (MPs) to agricultural soils. Our study aims to identify the polymeric origin of MPs extracted from biosolid samples by comparing their Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR) - Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra with the corresponding near-infrared (NIR) spectra. The reflectance spectra were preprocessed by Savitzky-Golay (SG), first derivative (FD) and compared with analogous spectra acquired on a set of fifty-two selected commercial plastic (SCP) materials collected from readily available products.

Anthropic impact on soil heavy metal contamination in riparian ecosystems of northern Algeria.

The aim of this research was to highlight the impact of urbanization and agriculture on soil quality, mainly by focusing on heavy metal accumulation (Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in the fragile riparian ecosystems of the Medjerda river (Souk-Ahras, Algeria). This study was performed in three cultivated soils (0-10, 10-20, 20-60 cm depth) along an increasing gradient of anthropogenic pressure in non-urban (NU), peri-urban (PU) and urban areas (U). Geo-accumulation index (Igeo), Enrichment factor (EF), Pollution load index (PLI) and Potential ecological risk index (RI) were calculated, as well as the potential non-carcinogenic risk for humans (HI).

Environmental implications of interaction between humic substances and iron oxide nanoparticles: A review.

Goethite, hematite, ferrihydrite, and other iron oxides bind through various sorption reactions with humic substances (HS) in soils creating nano-, micro-, and macro-aggregates with a specific nature and stability. Long residence times of soil organic matter (SOM) have been attributed to iron-humic substance (Fe-HS) complexes due to physical protection and chemical stabilization at the organic-mineral interface. Humic acids (HA) and fulvic acids (FA) contain many acidic functional groups that interact with Fe oxides through different mechanisms.

Prediction of bioaccessible lead in urban and suburban soils with Vis-NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy.

The successful use of visible and near-infrared (Vis-NIR) reflectance spectroscopy analysis requires selecting an optimal procedure of data acquisition and an accurate modeling approach. In this study, Vis-NIR with 350-2500 nm wavelengths were applied to detect different forms of lead (Pb) through the spectrally active soil constituents combining principal component regression (PCR) and Partial least-square regression (PLSR) for the Vis-NIR model calibration. Three clouds with different soil spectral properties were divided by the Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) in categories of Pb contamination risks: "low," "health," "ecological," ranging from 200 to 750 mg kg.