Projected land ice contributions to twenty-first-century sea level rise.

The land ice contribution to global mean sea level rise has not yet been predicted using ice sheet and glacier models for the latest set of socio-economic scenarios, nor using coordinated exploration of uncertainties arising from the various computer models involved. Two recent international projects generated a large suite of projections using multiple models, but primarily used previous-generation scenarios and climate models, and could not fully explore known uncertainties. Here we estimate probability distributions for these projections under the new scenarios using statistical emulation of the ice sheet and glacier models.

Health Related Quality of Life assessment among early-treated Hungarian adult PKU patients using the PKU-QOL adult questionnaire.

The implementation of neonatal screening and the early initiation of lifelong therapy have helped to prevent severe complications and enabled much more favorable outcomes for early-treated phenylketonuria (ETPKU) patients. However, PKU patients tend to develop subtle cognitive and psychosocial abnormalities and the strict dietary therapy can present financial and social burden. Thus, PKU is expected to affect the quality of life (QoL) of these patients.

Metabolic and catecholamine response to sympathetic stimulation in early-treated adult male patients with phenylketonuria.

Purpose: Defective function of phenylalanine hydroxylase in phenylketonuria (PKU) results in the accumulation of phenylalanine (Phe) and the reduction of tyrosine (Tyr) in the blood, interfering in the normal development and function of organs and tissues in the body. Tyr is the precursor of catecholamines, secreted in response to stress by the adrenal medulla and paraganglia. The aim of this study was to evaluate plasma catecholamine and amino acid response to an escalating series of sympathetic stress tests in PKU patients.

The Association of Therapy Adherence and Thyroid Function in Adult Patients with Phenylketonuria.

Background: The standard, lifelong therapy of phenylketonuria (PKU) is a natural protein-restricted diet complemented with phenylalanine (Phe)-free L-amino acid mixtures that provide the daily necessary micronutrients.

Objective: To assess thyroid function and structure and the iodine status of early-treated adult PKU (ETPKU) patients in Hungary.

Methods: Sixty-nine PKU patients (aged 18-41 years) and 50 healthy controls were enrolled in the study.

[Maternal phenylketonuria].

Elevated maternal phenylalanine levels during pregnancy are teratogenic, and may result in embryo-foetopathy, which could lead to stillbirth, significant psychomotor handicaps and birth defects. This foetal damage is known as maternal phenylketonuria. Women of childbearing age with all forms of phenylketonuria, including mild variants such as hyperphenylalaninaemia, should receive detailed counselling regarding their risks for adverse foetal effects, optimally before contemplating pregnancy.

Antimigratory and antimetastatic effect of heparin-derived 4-18 unit oligosaccharides in a preclinical human melanoma metastasis model.

Heparin and its derivatives have been shown to inhibit angiogenesis and metastasis formation. Accordingly, we investigated the effect of heparin fragments containing 4 to 22 monomers on human melanoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro as well as on the in vivo metastatic potential in a SCID mouse model. Only oligosaccharide dp18 had significant inhibitory effect on cell proliferation.

Recombinant human erythropoietin alpha improves the efficacy of radiotherapy of a human tumor xenograft, affecting tumor cells and microvessels.

Background And Purpose: Tumor-induced anemia often occurs in cancer patients, and is corrected by recombinant human erythropoietins (rHuEPOs). Recent studies indicated that, besides erythroid progenitor cells, tumor and endothelial cells express erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) as well; therefore, rHuEPO may affect their functions. Here, the effect of rHuEPOalpha on irradiation in EPOR-positive human squamous cell carcinoma xenograft was tested.

Influence of exercise on thermographically determined surface temperatures of thoracic and pelvic limbs in horses.

Objective: To determine the amount of time required for surface temperatures of thoracic and pelvic limbs in horses to return to pre-exercise temperatures after high-speed treadmill exercise, as detected via infrared thermographic imaging.

Design: Prospective study.

Animals: 6 Thoroughbreds.