Alcohol use disorder pharmacotherapy and treatment in primary care (ADaPT-PC) trial: Impact on identified barriers to implementation.

: A minority of individuals meeting diagnostic criteria for alcohol use disorders (AUD) receive any type of formal treatment. Developing options for AUD treatment within primary care settings is imperative to increase treatment access. A multi-faceted implementation intervention including provider and patient education, clinician reminders, development of local champions and ongoing facilitation was designed to enhance access to AUD pharmacotherapy in primary care settings at three large Veterans Health Administration (VHA) facilities.

Tobacco use and tobacco services in California substance use treatment programs.

Background: California has one of the lowest smoking rates in the U.S. However, the California substance use disorder (SUD) treatment system collects no information on tobacco use.

Implementing alcohol use disorder pharmacotherapy in primary care settings: a qualitative analysis of provider-identified barriers and impact on implementation outcomes.

Background: Despite the high prevalence of alcohol use disorders (AUDs), in 2016, only 7.8% of individuals meeting diagnostic criteria received any type of AUD treatment. Developing options for treatment within primary care settings is imperative to increase treatment access.

Smoking Cessation among Female and Male Veterans before and after a Randomized Trial of Proactive Outreach.

Introduction: Female veterans smoke cigarettes at high rates compared with both male veterans and nonveteran women. Proactive outreach to smokers may reduce gender disparities in cessation care. The objectives of this study were to compare baseline experiences with VA smoking cessation care for men and women and to assess for gender differences in response to a proactive outreach intervention.

Population Smoking Characteristics and Cessation Behaviors in a Nationally Representative Cohort of Hispanic Veterans and Hispanic Non-Veterans.

Introduction: The proportion of Hispanics in the U.S. Veteran population is expected to increase rapidly in the next several decades.

Patient perspectives on alcohol use disorder pharmacotherapy and integration of treatment into primary care settings.

Evidence-based pharmacotherapies for alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are underutilized. This mixed-methods study reports supplementary findings from the alcohol use disorder pharmacotherapy and treatment in primary care (ADaPT-PC) implementation study at 3 Veterans Health Administration (VHA) hospital sites to understand why prescription rates did not increase following the ADaPT-PC intervention. Qualitative interviews ( = 30) were conducted in advance of the ADaPT-PC intervention to understand patients' pharmacotherapy attitudes among those in AUD treatment, with previous treatment experience, or who needed assistance with their alcohol use.

Validating the use of veterans affairs tobacco health factors for assessing change in smoking status: accuracy, availability, and approach.

Background: Accurate smoking status is key for research purposes, but can be costly and difficult to measure. Within the Veteran's Health Administration (VA), smoking status is recorded as part of routine care as "health factors" (HF)-fields that researchers can query through the electronic health record (EHR). Many researchers are interested in using these fields to track changes in smoking status over time, however the validity of this measure for assessing change is unknown.

Trends in self-efficacy to quit and smoking urges among homeless smokers participating in a smoking cessation RCT.

Introduction: In the U.S., approximately 73% of homeless adults smoke cigarettes and they experience difficulty quitting.

The Development of Culturally Appropriate Tobacco Prevention Videos Targeted Toward Somali Youth.

Background: Approximately 18% of Somali youth in Minnesota intend to use tobacco in the next year and youth perceive that 64% of their peers smoke. High perceived prevalence increases tobacco use intentions and initiation, indicating that Somali youth-targeted tobacco prevention efforts are needed.

Objectives: To develop a Somali youth-targeted tobacco prevention intervention using a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach.

Cessation-related weight concern among homeless male and female smokers.

Concern about post-cessation weight gain is a barrier to making attempts to quit smoking; however, its effect on smoking cessation is unclear. In this study we examine cessation-related weight concern among the homeless, which hasn't been studied. Homeless males (n = 320) and females (n = 110) participating in a smoking cessation RCT in the Twin Cities, Minnesota from 2009 to 2011 completed surveys on cessation-related weight concern, smoking status, and components from the Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations.

A Community-Driven Implementation of the Body and Soul Program in Churches in the Twin Cities, Minnesota, 2011-2014.

Background: African Americans have high disease and death rates due to cancer and cardiovascular disease. Health promotion efforts to improve diet have the potential to reduce these rates.

Community Context: Given their importance in the community and the extent of their reach, churches are effective avenues for health promotion efforts targeting African Americans.

Characteristics of Employees of Small Manufacturing Businesses by Occupation: Informing Evidence-Based Intervention Planning.

Objectives: We examined characteristics of employees in six occupational categories in small manufacturing businesses (20-150 employees).

Methods: We analyzed survey data from 47 businesses (n = 2577 employees; 86% response rate) and examined relationships between job type and sociodemographic, health, and organizational support characteristics. Analyses were adjusted for age and sex, and company as a random effect.

Smoking patterns, quit behaviors, and smoking environment of workers in small manufacturing companies.

Background: This study describes smokers employed at 47 small manufacturing companies in Minnesota, USA.

Methods: Smokers (n = 713) participating in a group-randomized trial completed a baseline survey on their smoking patterns, quit behaviors, smoking environment, workplace attitudes about smoking, and correlates of smoking. These characteristics were examined by job type and a latent class analysis (LCA) was performed to group workers with similar characteristics.

A grey literature review of special events for promoting cancer screenings.

Background: Cancer remains the second leading cause of mortality in the United States. Special events such as health fairs, screening days or cultural festivals are employed often for community education about cancer screening. A previous systematic review of the published literature was conducted in 2012-2013.

A systematic review of special events to promote breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screening in the United States.

Background: Special events are common community-based strategies for health promotion. This paper presents findings from a systematic literature review on the impact of special events to promote breast, cervical or colorectal cancer education and screening.

Methods: Articles in English that focused on special events involving breast, cervical, and/or colorectal cancer conducted in the U.

Perceptions of addiction, attempts to quit, and successful quitting in nondaily and daily smokers.

We aimed to qualitatively examine differences in perceptions of addiction, attempts to quit, and successful quitting among nondaily versus daily college student smokers. We conducted 16 focus groups with a total of 73 college student smokers from the southeastern U.S.

Correlates of continued smoking versus cessation among survivors of smoking-related cancers.

Objective: We examined correlates of continued smoking versus cessation among a sample of survivors of smoking-related cancers who were actively smoking at the time of cancer diagnosis.

Methods: Participants with a history of smoking and a smoking-related cancer diagnosis (lung, oral, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, bladder, stomach, cervix, kidney, pancreas, acute myeloid leukemia) within the past 4 years were identified in the electronic medical record. We recruited 613 individuals to complete a mail-based survey and received 139 completed surveys (22.

College student reactions to health warning labels: sociodemographic and psychosocial factors related to perceived effectiveness of different approaches.

Objective: To examine factors associated with perceiving different types of pictorial cigarette health warning labels as most effective in motivating smokers to quit or preventing smoking initiation among college students.

Method: We administered an online survey to 24,055 students attending six Southeast colleges in Fall, 2010. We obtained complete data for the current analyses from 2600.