Reminding Peer Reviewers of Reporting Guideline Items to Improve Completeness in Published Articles: Primary Results of 2 Randomized Trials.

Importance: Numerous studies have shown that adherence to reporting guidelines is suboptimal.

Objective: To evaluate whether asking peer reviewers to check if specific reporting guideline items were adequately reported would improve adherence to reporting guidelines in published articles.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Two parallel-group, superiority randomized trials were performed using manuscripts submitted to 7 biomedical journals (5 from the BMJ Publishing Group and 2 from the Public Library of Science) as the unit of randomization, with peer reviewers allocated to the intervention or control group.

Contemporary Practice Patterns of Voiding Cystourethrography Use at a Large Tertiary Care Center in a Single Payer Health Care System.

Purpose: Voiding cystourethrogram involves radiation exposure and is invasive. Several guidelines, including the 2011 AAP (American Academy of Pediatrics) guidelines, no longer recommend routine voiding cystourethrogram after the initial urinary tract infection in children. The recent trend in voiding cystourethrogram use remains largely unknown.

Solitary liver lesions in children: interobserver agreement and accuracy of MRI diagnosis.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate interobserver agreement (IOA) and accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diagnosis of pediatric solitary liver lesions (PSLLs).

Methods: Fifty consecutive MRIs performed for PSLLs were reviewed to assess IOA and agreement between consensus imaging diagnosis and final diagnosis indicating accuracy using kappa statistics.

Results: In 39/50 cases, the MRI diagnosis given by two readers matched with substantial IOA (kappa=0.

Gadobenate-dimeglumine-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for hepatic lesions in children.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging enhanced by hepatocyte-specific contrast media has been found useful to characterize liver lesions in adults and children.

Objective: To present our experience with gadobenate dimeglumine (Gd-BOPTA)-enhanced MRI for evaluation of focal liver lesions in children.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed gadobenate-dimeglumine-enhanced MR images obtained for evaluation of suspected hepatic lesions in 30 children.

Improving pediatric radiology in India.

Background: India had a population of 1,259,271,000 in 2012, with 31% of its population composed of children younger than 15 years. In comparison, children younger than 15 compose 20% of the population in the United States and 16% in Canada. Despite the differences in this demographic, little emphasis is placed on pediatric radiology in India.

Twenty classic hand radiographs that lead to diagnosis.

Most of the common skeletal dysplasias have some manifestation in the hand. Many have characteristic findings in the hand that lead to the diagnosis. Hand bones are also affected in many systemic hematologic and metabolic conditions.

Imaging findings in right-sided diverticulitis in a child.

We report the imaging findings in a case of acute right-sided diverticulitis in a 13-year-old boy. Based on this diagnosis the patient was successfully treated conservatively with intravenous antibiotics. This entity should be considered in patients with right lower quadrant pain and a sonographically normal appendix, particularly in those of Asian or Pacific descent.

Toxic megacolon in children with inflammatory bowel disease: clinical and radiographic characteristics.

Background: Toxic megacolon (TMC) denotes a rare clinical syndrome accompanied by colonic dilatation, and is a serious complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study assessed the clinical and radiologic characteristics of TMC in children with IBD.

Methods: A systematic search identified patients with IBD-associated TMC and matched them by age to controls with ulcerative colitis without evidence of TMC.