Pharmacy interventions on COVID-19 in Europe: Mapping current practices and a scoping review.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has put community pharmacists at the frontline of prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery efforts. Pharmacies had to reorganize and implement several different interventions and measures within a very short time frame.

Objectives: 1) To map the current reported practice and trends and to review the literature on pharmacy-based interventions on COVID-19 provided in Europe; 2) To identify knowledge gaps and future avenues for pharmacy research, policy, and practice in response to public health emergencies.

The missing path to gain customers loyalty in pharmacy retail: The role of the store in developing satisfaction and trust.

Background: An evolution led to community pharmacies experiencing increased competition both between themselves and with new entrants in the sector, for example, grocery retailers. Applying certain retail marketing strategies aimed at developing store loyalty may be an appropriate strategic path for pharmacies wanting to compete in this new arena.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop and test a two-step model to identify the determinants of store loyalty for community pharmacies in Italy.