Association of masking policies with mask adherence and distancing during the SARS-COV-2 pandemic.

Background: Quantification of the impact of local masking policies may help guide future policy interventions to reduce SARS-COV-2 disease transmission. This study's objective was to identify factors associated with adherence to masking and social distancing guidelines.

Methods: Faculty from 16 U.

Neighborhood Economic Deprivation and Social Fragmentation: Associations With Children's Sleep.

Background & Objective: A growing body of work indicates that experiences of neighborhood disadvantage place children at risk for poor sleep. This study aimed to examine how both neighborhood economic deprivation (a measure of poverty) and social fragmentation (an index of instability) are associated with objective measures of the length and quality of children's sleep.

Participants: Participants were 210 children (54.

Community violence concerns and adolescent sleep.

Objective: The goal of this study was to examine links between concerns about community violence and objective and subjective sleep parameters in an adolescent sample. Sex was considered as a moderator of effects.

Design: The study used a cross-sectional design.

What keeps low-SES children from sleeping well: the role of presleep worries and sleep environment.

Objectives: Children in families of low socioeconomic status (SES) have been found to have poor sleep, yet the reasons for this finding are unclear. Two possible mediators, presleep worries and home environment conditions, were investigated as indirect pathways between SES and children's sleep.

Participants/methods: The participants consisted of 271 children (M (age) = 11.

Socioeconomic Adversity and Women's Sleep: Stress and Chaos as Mediators.

We examined income-to-needs ratio, perceived economic well-being, and education and their relations with European and African American women's sleep (n = 219). Sleep was examined through actigraphy and self-reports. Income-to-needs ratio was related to sleep minutes.

Relations between daytime pre-ejection period reactivity and sleep in late childhood.

The sympathetic nervous system and children's sleep serve critical arousal regulation functions. Shortened pre-ejection period, a reliable indirect index of greater sympathetic nervous system activity, has been associated with reduced sleep duration and quality in adults, but limited evidence exists in children regarding associations between pre-ejection period and sleep. We examined relations between pre-ejection period reactivity in response to a laboratory-based stressor and multiple parameters of actigraphy-based sleep duration and quality in children.

Familial risk moderates the association between sleep and zBMI in children.

Objective: A cumulative risk approach was used to examine the moderating effect of familial risk factors on relations between actigraphy-based sleep quantity (minutes) and quality (efficiency) and sex- and age-standardized body mass index (zBMI).

Methods: The sample included 124 boys and 104 girls with a mean age of 10.41 years (SD = 0.

Parasympathetic nervous system activity and children's sleep.

We examined indices of children's parasympathetic nervous system activity (PNS), including respiratory sinus arrhythmia during baseline (RSAB) and RSA reactivity (RSAR), to a laboratory challenge, and importantly the interaction between RSAB and RSAR as predictors of multiple parameters of children's sleep. Lower RSAR denotes increased vagal withdrawal (reductions in RSA between baseline and task) and higher RSAR represents decreased vagal withdrawal or augmentation (increases in RSA between baseline and task). A community sample of school-attending children (121 boys and 103 girls) participated [mean age = 10.

Economic adversity and children's sleep problems: multiple indicators and moderation of effects.

Objective: Toward explicating relations between economic adversity and children's sleep, we examined associations between multiple indicators of socioeconomic status (SES)/adversity and children's objectively and subjectively derived sleep parameters; ethnicity was examined as potential moderator.

Methods: Participants were 276 third- and fourth-grade children and their families (133 girls; M age = 9.44 years; SD = .

Parental depressive symptoms and children's sleep: the role of family conflict.

Background:   We used a multi-method and multi-informant design to identify developmental pathways through which parental depressive symptoms contribute to children's sleep problems. Environmental factors including adult inter-partner conflict and parent-child conflict were considered as process variables of this relation.

Methods:   An ethnically and socioeconomically diverse sample of children (n = 268) participated (M age = 9.