Role of intra-individual variation in the detection of thresholds for DFI and for misclassification rates: A retrospective analysis of 14,775 SCSA tests.

Background: Sperm DNA damage is associated with reduced male fertility after natural conception and intrauterine insemination. However, the impact on in vitro fertilization (IVF) and especially intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatments is still unclear. Few studies have focused on the intra-individual variation in DFI even though it may have an important role to play in terms of detection of thresholds and for misclassification rates.

Identifying safe diagnostic algorithms for sentinel lymph node mapping in high-risk endometrial cancer: The SENTIREC-endo study.

Introduction: It is unclear if sentinel node (SLN) mapping can replace pelvic- (PLD) and paraaortic lymphadenectomy (PALD) for high-risk endometrial cancer (EC). A diagnostically safe surgical algorithm, taking failed mapping cases into account, is not defined. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of SLN mapping algorithms in women with exclusively high-risk EC.

Win-loss parameters for right-censored event data, with application to recurrent events.

The win ratio has become a popular method for comparing multiple event data between two groups in clinical cohort studies. The win ratio compares the event data in prioritized order, where the first prioritized event is death and a typical example for the second prioritized event is hospitalization. Literature is sparse on inference for win and loss parameters, including the win ratio, for censored event data.

Comparing performance between clinics of an embryo evaluation algorithm based on time-lapse images and machine learning.

Purpose: This article aims to assess how differences in maternal age distributions between IVF clinics affect the performance of an artificial intelligence model for embryo viability prediction and proposes a method to account for such differences.

Methods: Using retrospectively collected data from 4805 fresh and frozen single blastocyst transfers of embryos incubated for 5 to 6 days, the discriminative performance was assessed based on fetal heartbeat outcomes. The data was collected from 4 clinics, and the discrimination was measured in terms of the area under ROC curves (AUC) for each clinic.

Regression models for censored time-to-event data using infinitesimal jack-knife pseudo-observations, with applications to left-truncation.

Jack-knife pseudo-observations have in recent decades gained popularity in regression analysis for various aspects of time-to-event data. A limitation of the jack-knife pseudo-observations is that their computation is time consuming, as the base estimate needs to be recalculated when leaving out each observation. We show that jack-knife pseudo-observations can be closely approximated using the idea of the infinitesimal jack-knife residuals.

Fueling the flames of colon cancer - does CRP play a direct pro-inflammatory role?

Background: Systemic inflammation, diagnostically ascribed by measuring serum levels of the acute phase reactant C-reactive protein (CRP), has consistently been correlated with poor outcomes across cancer types. CRP exists in two structurally and functionally distinct isoforms, circulating pentameric CRP (pCRP) and the highly pro-inflammatory monomeric isoform (mCRP). The aim of this pilot study was to map the pattern of mCRP distribution in a previously immunologically well-defined colon cancer (CC) cohort and explore possible functional roles of mCRP within the tumor microenvironment (TME).

The SENTIREC-endo study - Risks and benefits of a national adoption of sentinel node mapping in low and intermediate risk endometrial cancer.

Objective: The SENTIREC-endo study aims to investigate risks and benefits of a national protocolled adoption of sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping in women with early-stage low-grade endometrial cancer (EC) with low- (LR) and intermediate-risk (IR) of lymph node metastases.

Methods: We performed a national multicenter prospective study of SLN-mapping in women with LR and IR EC from March 2017-February 2022. Postoperative complications were classified according to Clavien-Dindo.

Interactions Between Running Volume and Running Pace and Injury Occurrence in Recreational Runners: A Secondary Analysis.

Context: The combination of excessive increases in running pace and volume is essential to consider when investigating associations between running and running-related injury.

Objectives: To complete a secondary analysis, using a dataset from a randomized trial, to evaluate the interactions between relative or absolute weekly changes in running volume and running pace on the occurrence of running injuries among a cohort of injury-free recreational runners in Denmark.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Systemic Inflammation Associates With a Myeloid Inflamed Tumor Microenvironment in Primary Resected Colon Cancer-May Cold Tumors Simply Be Too Hot?

Systemic inflammation measured by the acute-phase protein CRP associates with poor outcome across cancer types. In contrast, local tumor-associated inflammation, primarily evaluated by T-lymphocytes, correlates with favorable prognosis. Yet, little is known whether these two responses are related or opposing processes and why elevated CRP in relation to cancer is detrimental for clinical outcome.

Replacing Red Meat with Other Nonmeat Food Sources of Protein is Associated with a Reduced Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in a Danish Cohort of Middle-Aged Adults.

Background: Few cohort studies have modelled replacements of red meat with other sources of protein on subsequent risk of type 2 diabetes using dietary changes.

Objectives: To determine whether replacing red meat with other food sources of protein is associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes.

Methods: We used data from the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health cohort (n = 39,437) of middle-aged (55-72 years old) men and women who underwent 2 dietary assessments roughly 5 years apart to investigate dietary changes.

Changes in intake of dairy product subgroups and risk of type 2 diabetes: modelling specified food substitutions in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort.

Purpose: We investigated the association between an increased intake of one dairy product subgroup at the expense of another within a 5-year period and the subsequent 10-year risk of type 2 diabetes.

Methods: The cohort included 39,393 adults with two measurements of diet assessed using food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) administered in 1993-1997 and 1999-2003. Dairy products were milk (skimmed, semi-skimmed, whole fat), buttermilk, low-fat yogurt, whole-fat yogurt, cheese and butter.

Regression models for interval censored data using parametric pseudo-observations.

Background: Time-to-event data that is subject to interval censoring is common in the practice of medical research and versatile statistical methods for estimating associations in such settings have been limited. For right censored data, non-parametric pseudo-observations have been proposed as a basis for regression modeling with the possibility to use different association measures. In this article, we propose a method for calculating pseudo-observations for interval censored data.

Neonatal jaundice and autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Two meta-analyses concluded that jaundice was associated with an increased risk of autism. We hypothesize that these findings were due to methodological limitations of the studies included. Neonatal jaundice affects many infants and risks of later morbidity may prompt physicians towards more aggressive treatment.

Food substitution models for nutritional epidemiology.

The advantage of using specified substitution analysis in nutritional epidemiology has been clearly demonstrated in studies of macronutrient intake and disease risk. However, the method has not been widely applied in studies of food intake. The aim of this article is to describe and compare the interpretation and application of different food substitution models in epidemiologic studies on diet and disease development.

Repeat pulmonary vein isolation in patients with atrial fibrillation: low ablation index is associated with increased risk of recurrent arrhythmia.

We aimed to investigate the predictors of recurrent arrhythmia after repeated pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) performed in the era of contact force without additional substrate ablation. One of the predictors studied, ablation index (AI), incorporates power, contact force, and time in a weighted formula and is reported to predict lesion size in animals. .

Outcome of hybrid compared to conventional revascularization in multivessel coronary artery disease.

Evaluation of 3-year clinical outcome of hybrid myocardial revascularization (HMR) compared to conventional revascularization strategies in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease involving the proximal left anterior descending artery. Retrospective matched cohort study based on a prospective feasibility study including 103 elective patients undergoing staged HMR from October 2010 until February 2012. The Western Denmark Heart Registry was used to identify patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and multivessel percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) by matching on number of diseased vessels, age and comorbidity score.

Coffee intake during pregnancy and childhood acute leukemia - A cohort study.

Objectives: To estimate a possible association between coffee intake during pregnancy and risk of childhood acute leukemia by using a cohort design.

Methods: We included data from two birth cohorts; the Danish National Birth Cohort and the Aarhus Birth Cohort. Recruitment of 141,216 eligible pregnancies occurred from 1 August 1989 to 31 December 2012.

Childhood overweight and obesity and timing of puberty in boys and girls: cohort and sibling-matched analyses.

Background: Early puberty is a risk indicator for adult diseases. Identification of modifiable causes of earlier puberty is, therefore, warranted. We estimate the association between childhood body mass index (BMI) and pubertal timing in a cohort study and in a sibling-matched study to adjust for unobserved time-stable confounders shared within families.

Risk of selection bias due to non-participation in a cohort study on pubertal timing.

Background: Non-participation in aetiologic studies of pubertal timing is frequent. However, little effort has been given to explore the risk and potential impact of selection bias in studies of pubertal timing.

Objective: We aimed to explore the risk of selection bias due to non-participation in a newly established puberty cohort.

Cumulative risk regression in case-cohort studies using pseudo-observations.

Case-cohort studies are useful when information on certain risk factors is difficult or costly to ascertain. Particularly, a case-cohort study may be well suited in situations where several case series are of interest, e.g.

Depression and Uptake of Oral Anticoagulation Therapy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Oral anticoagulation therapy (OAT) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) is a highly important preventive intervention, perhaps especially in those with comorbid depression, who have a worse prognosis. However, OAT may pose particular challenges in depressed patients.

Objectives: To assess whether AF patients with depression have lower OAT uptake.