A validated method for the quantification of IOX-2, a potent prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor in equine urine and plasma using liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry.

IOX-2 is a potent inhibitor of enzyme prolyl hydroxylases-2 (PHD) that plays a critical role in regulating hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) abundance and oxygen homeostasis. Federation for Equestrian Sports has listed HIF activators as prohibited substances to prevent their usage in doping. Consequently, it became essential to develop adequate knowledge and testing methods to detect it in equine sports drug testing samples.