Does sleep quality mediate the association between post-traumatic stress disorder symptom severity and pain interference in trauma-affected refugees?

Poor sleep quality is well recognised in both post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and pain conditions. Comorbid chronic pain is prevalent in populations with PTSD and is believed to maintain symptoms of PTSD and increase the complexity of the condition. Ongoing diminished sleep quality may serve to maintain pain and PTSD symptoms, and thus affect the efficacy of first-line PTSD treatment.

Cognitive aging and reserve factors in the Metropolit 1953 Danish male cohort.

Identifying early predictors of cognitive decline and at-risk individuals is essential for timely intervention and prevention of dementia. This study aimed to detect neurobiological changes and factors related to cognitive performance in the Metropolit 1953 Danish male birth cohort. We analyzed data from 582 participants, aged 57-68 years, using machine learning techniques to group cognitive trajectories into four clusters differentiating high- and low-performing groups.

Differences in Associations of Three Types of Alcoholic Beverages with Age-Related Cognitive Decline in Men.

Objectives: To investigate the influence of wine, beer, and spirits consumption, respectively, on non-pathological, age-related cognitive decline from young adulthood to late midlife in a large follow-up study of Danish men.

Methods: The study includes 2456 middle-aged Danish men from the Lifestyle and Cognition Follow-up study 2015, with information on adult-life consumption (from age 26) of wine, beer, and spirits self-reported in late midlife and age-related cognitive decline assessed using the same validated intelligence test administered in young adulthood and late midlife. Associations were adjusted for consumption of other alcoholic beverages, year of birth, age at follow-up, retest interval, education, young adulthood intelligence, and personality.

Feasibility of trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy for patients with PTSD and psychosis.

Studies have shown a high prevalence of trauma and PTSD among patients with severe mental illness, but relatively few studies have examined the outcomes of PTSD treatment for this patient group. The aim of this case-series was to assess the feasibility of a Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) intervention for PTSD in people with psychosis. The study examined the possibilities and obstacles when treating this population within clinical settings.

Cannabis Use and Age-Related Changes in Cognitive Function From Early Adulthood to Late Midlife in 5162 Danish Men.

Introduction: Cannabis is by far the most widely used and abused drug listed on the Drug Enforcement Administration's Schedule I, which includes drugs with a high potential for abuse. There is evidence of short-term negative effects of cannabis use on cognition, but only a limited number of studies have explored the association between cannabis use and age-related cognitive decline. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between cannabis use and age-related cognitive decline from early adulthood to late midlife.

The Moderating Influence of School Achievement on Intelligence: A Cross-National Comparison.

Education-related variables are positively associated with intelligence in both causal directions, but little is known about the associations' underlying genetically and environmentally intertwined processes and many 'third variables' are probably involved too. In this study, we investigated how school achievement, measured by grade point average (GPA), moderated intelligence test score variation in young adulthood in broadly representative samples from the U.S.

Predictors and Patterns of Dropout From Psychiatric Treatment Among Trauma-Affected Refugees: A Large Data Pool Analysis.

Dropout from mental health treatment is a substantial hindrance to relevant and effective treatment. Despite the high prevalence of PTSD among refugees, research into their treatment dropout has received limited attention. This study aimed to identify patterns and predictors of treatment dropout versus completion through different treatment stages.

The impact of temporary residence permit on symptom severity and treatment outcome among refugees with PTSD.

Despite an increased focus on the impact of post-migratory factors on the health of trauma-affected refugees, research on the influence of residence permit is limited. This influence may manifest on the outcome of psychiatric treatment. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to examine the role of temporary residence permit on symptom severity and treatment outcome among trauma-affected refugees in PTSD treatment.

Sociodemographics and clinical factors associated with depression treatment outcomes in 65,741 first-time users of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: A Danish cohort study in older adults.

Objective: To investigate a wide range of sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with treatment outcomes in older adults who initiated an SSRI for depression treatment in a real-world setting.

Methods: This cohort study used Danish registry data covering all older adults (aged ≥65) who initiated SSRIs for depression from 2006 to 2017, first-time (since 1995). We followed the individuals for one year after their SSRI prescription.

Comparing cognition in parents with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and their 7-year-old offspring.

Individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) or bipolar disorder (BP) display cognitive impairments, while their first-degree relatives perform at an intermediate level between the patient groups and controls. However, the environmental impact of having an ill relative likely varies with the type of kinship and some studies suggest that offspring may be particularly disadvantaged. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between parent and child cognition in parents with SZ or BD and their 7-year-old offspring.

Effects of 9 Weeks of High- or Moderate-Intensity Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Inhibitory Control, and Plasma Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Danish Adolescents-A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: The primary aims of this study were to examine the effects of 9 weeks of aerobic training, comprising three 30-min sessions per week, on V̇O, inhibitory control, and plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels among adolescents aged 16-19 years.

Methods: One hundred twenty-one untrained or recreationally active adolescents from a Danish high school were enrolled in the study, with 58 females (17.8 ± 0.

Inverse probability weighting for self-selection bias correction in the investigation of social inequality in mortality.

Background: Empirical evaluation of inverse probability weighting (IPW) for self-selection bias correction is inaccessible without the full source population. We aimed to: (i) investigate how self-selection biases frequency and association measures and (ii) assess self-selection bias correction using IPW in a cohort with register linkage.

Methods: The source population included 17 936 individuals invited to the Copenhagen Aging and Midlife Biobank during 2009-11 (ages 49-63 years).

The Danish Aging and Cognition (DanACo) cohort.

Background: With aging populations worldwide, identification of predictors of age-related cognitive decline is becoming increasingly important. The Danish Aging and Cognition Cohort (DanACo) including more than 5000 Danish men was established to investigate predictors of age-related cognitive decline from young adulthood to late mid-life.

Construction And Content: The DanACo cohort was established through two separate data collections with identical designs involving a follow-up examination in late mid-life of men for whom intelligence test scores were available from their mandatory conscription board examination.

Preterm birth and subsequent intelligence and academic performance in youth: A cohort study.

Introduction: Worldwide, more children than before survive preterm birth. Preterm birth can affect long-term cognitive outcomes. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between preterm birth and academic performance and intelligence in youth.

The relationship between self-perceived fatigue, muscle endurance, and circulating markers of inflammation in participants of the Copenhagen aging and Midlife Biobank (CAMB).

Background: Fatigue, low muscle endurance, muscle weakness and low-grade inflammation are strongly related to frailty at higher age. When signs of self-perceived fatigue and low muscle endurance are interrelated with low-grade inflammation at midlife, they might be used as early markers for frailty. This study investigated whether the interrelationships among self-perceived fatigue, muscle endurance and inflammation can be observed at midlife.

Early cerebral amyloid-β accumulation and hypermetabolism are associated with subtle cognitive deficits before accelerated cerebral atrophy.

Aims: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) in the brain. The deposition of Aβ is believed to initiate a detrimental cascade, including cerebral hypometabolism, accelerated brain atrophy, and cognitive problems-ultimately resulting in AD. However, the timing and causality of the cascade resulting in AD are not yet fully established.

Factors affecting adherence to psychotropics in trauma-affected refugees: data from a randomized controlled trial.

Non-adherence to psychotropic drugs may reduce treatment effectiveness and may cause exacerbation of illness. Among migrant populations, studies have identified low adherence to psychotropic drugs. This study aimed to identify factors that were associated with the three basic components of adherence: non-initiation, non-implementation (blood sample), and discontinuation in a clinical sample of trauma-affected refugees diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder.

Real-World Evidence on Clinical Outcomes of Commonly Used Antidepressants in Older Adults Initiating Antidepressants for Depression: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Denmark.

Objective: The authors investigated the clinical outcomes of commonly used antidepressants among older adults who initiated first-time antidepressants for depression by analyzing the 1-year risk of selected clinically relevant outcomes.

Methods: This cohort study used nationwide Danish registry data and included all older adults who redeemed a first-time (since 1995) antidepressant prescription with an indication of depression between 2006 and 2017. Only the 10 most frequently redeemed antidepressants were included in the analyses.

Elevated lipid class concentrations in females with anorexia nervosa before and after intensive weight restoration treatment-A lipidomics study.

Objective: To study the plasma lipidome of patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) before and after weight restoration treatment and report associations with AN subtypes and oral contraceptive pill (OCP) usage.

Methods: Quantitative shotgun lipidomics analysis was used to study plasma lipids of 50 female patients with AN before and after weight restoration treatment and 50 healthy female controls (HC). The AN group was assessed with blood samples and questionnaires before and after weight restoration.

The structure of ICD-11 post traumatic stress disorder in a clinical sample of refugees based on the International Trauma Interview.

Background: The ICD-11 proposes fundamental changes to the PTSD diagnostic criteria, prompting thorough validation. While this is ideally carried out based on diagnostic interviews, most-and in the case of transcultural psychiatry all-studies have relied on self-reported measures. In this study, we used the International Trauma Interview (ITI) to assess the factor structure of ICD-11 PTSD symptoms in a sample of trauma-affected refugees.

Mindfulness in sex therapy and intimate relationships: a feasibility and randomized controlled pilot study in a cross-diagnostic group.

Background: Mindfulness facets can be trained with structured mindfulness interventions, but little is known regarding application on a broader level within sex therapy (e.g. men, partners and different sexual dysfunctions).

'Personality and bipolar disorder: personality profiles of patients with remitted bipolar disorder and matched controls in a Danish sample'.

Background: The aim of the study was to investigate whether patients with bipolar disorder (BD) in remission differ in personality traits compared with a healthy control group.

Methods: A sample of patients with BD ( = 44) was compared with an individually matched control group ( = 44) using the Danish version of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R). Paired t-tests were used to analyze differences between the two groups and multiple regression models to evaluate predictors of NEO scores in the patient group.