Near infrared indocyanine green fluorescent cholangiography versus intraoperative cholangiography to improve safety in laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallstone disease-a systematic review protocol.

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the standard surgical approach in the treatment of cholelithiasis. Diverse surgical techniques and different imaging modalities have been described to evaluate the biliary anatomy and prevent or early detect bile duct injuries. X-ray intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) and near infrared indocyanine green fluorescent cholangiography (NIR-ICG) are safe and feasible techniques to assess biliary anatomy.