Centerline-guided reinforcement learning model for pancreatic duct identifications.

Purpose: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is forecast to become the second most significant cause of cancer mortality as the number of patients with cancer in the main duct of the pancreas grows, and measurement of the pancreatic duct diameter from medical images has been identified as relevant for its early diagnosis.

Approach: We propose an automated pancreatic duct centerline tracing method from computed tomography (CT) images that is based on deep reinforcement learning, which employs an artificial agent to interact with the environment and calculates rewards by combining the distances from the target and the centerline. A deep neural network is implemented to forecast step-wise values for each potential action.

Reinforcement learning-based anatomical maps for pancreas subregion and duct segmentation.

Background: The pancreas is a complex abdominal organ with many anatomical variations, and therefore automated pancreas segmentation from medical images is a challenging application.

Purpose: In this paper, we present a framework for segmenting individual pancreatic subregions and the pancreatic duct from three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) images.

Methods: A multiagent reinforcement learning (RL) network was used to detect landmarks of the head, neck, body, and tail of the pancreas, and landmarks along the pancreatic duct in a selected target CT image.

Delayed dorsal scapular artery hematoma following blunt thoracic trauma: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: The present case contributes to the limited literature on delayed chest wall hematomas following blunt trauma. The literature review provides a summary of similar previously reported cases.

Case Presentation: We report the case of a 59-year-old Caucasian male who presented to the emergency department with a rapidly expanding chest wall hematoma.

Acute Tentorial Subdural Hematoma Caused by Rupture of the Posterior Cerebral Artery after Minor Trauma-A Case Report.

Acute subdural hematoma (aSDH) is a common pathology encountered after head trauma. Only a minority of aSDHs have an arterial source. In this article, we report a case of aSDH originating from a traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the distal segment of posterior cerebral artery (PCA), diagnosed several days after the initial minor trauma and successfully treated with endovascular coiling.