Bone mineral density in primary care patients related to serum calcium concentrations: a longitudinal cohort study from Sweden.

Objective: Elevated calcium concentration is a commonly used measure in screening analyses for primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) and cancer. Low bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis are common features of pHPT and strengthen the indication for parathyroidectomy. It is not known whether an elevated calcium concentration could be a marker of low BMD in suspected pHPT patients with a normal parathyroid hormone concentration.

Reduced Cerebrospinal Fluid Concentration of Apolipoprotein A-I in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) has been extensively studied in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but little is known of apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Objective: Plasma lipids as well as ApoA-I and ApoE in plasma and CSF were determined and related to Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, APOE genotype, and CSF AD biomarkers.

Methods: Consecutive patients with AD (n = 29), stable mild cognitive impairment (n = 13), other dementias (n = 14), and healthy controls (n = 18) were included at a single center.

Reduced cerebrospinal fluid concentration of interleukin-12/23 subunit p40 in patients with cognitive impairment.

Background: The role of inflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other cognitive disorders is unclear. In a well-defined mono-center population, we measured cytokines and chemokines in paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples.

Methods: Consecutive patients with AD (n = 30), stable mild cognitive impairment (SMCI, n = 11), other dementias (n = 11), and healthy controls (n = 18) were included.

Cerebrospinal fluid substance P concentrations are elevated in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

The neuropeptides substance P, orexin A (hypocretin-1) and neurotensin are signaling molecules that influence brain activity. We examined their cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels in a study population consisting of Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) diagnosed with AD dementia upon follow-up (n=32), stable MCI (SMCI, n=13), other dementias (n=15), and healthy controls (n=20). CSF substance P level was increased in AD patients compared to patients with other dementias and healthy controls (P<0.

Body composition and bone mineral density in women with Cushing's syndrome in remission and the association with common genetic variants influencing glucocorticoid sensitivity.

Objective: Adverse body compositional features and low bone mineral density (BMD) are the characteristic of patients with active Cushing's syndrome (CS). The aim of this study was to evaluate body composition and BMD in women with CS in long-term remission and the influence of polymorphisms in genes affecting glucocorticoid (GC) sensitivity on these end-points.

Design, Patients And Methods: This was a cross-sectional, case-controlled study, including 50 women previously treated for CS and 50 age and gender-matched controls.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and CSF acetylcholinesterase activity are reduced in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Little is known of vitamin D concentration in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its relation with CSF acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, a marker of cholinergic function.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 52 consecutive patients under primary evaluation of cognitive impairment and 17 healthy controls. The patients had AD dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) diagnosed with AD dementia upon follow-up (n = 28), other dementias (n = 12), and stable MCI (SMCI, n = 12).

Long-term follow-up of patients with elevated serum calcium concentrations in Swedish primary care.

Objective: To follow up patients with elevated calcium concentrations after 10 years.

Design: Longitudinal, using medical records, questionnaires, and clinical investigation.

Setting: Primary care in Tibro, Sweden, 2008-2010.

Reduced cerebrospinal fluid level of thyroxine in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Little is known of the association between thyroid hormones in the central nervous system and Alzheimer's disease (AD). We determined thyroid hormone levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in a well-defined homogeneous mono-center population.

Methods: Fifty-nine consecutive patients under primary evaluation for cognitive impairment were recruited.

The association between the IGF-I axis, thyroid hormones and cortical bone in patients with mild primary hyperparathyroidism.

Objectives: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk of osteoporotic fractures. This study investigated whether the IGF-I axis and thyroid hormones are associated with BMD and osteoporotic fractures before and after parathyroidectomy (PTX).

Materials And Methods: Forty-five patients with mild PHPT were examined before and 1 year after PTX.

Factors influencing insulin sensitivity in patients with mild primary hyperparathyroidism before and after parathyroidectomy.

Objectives: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is associated with cardiovascular disease. The aims of this study were to investigate lipid and glucose metabolism in mild PHPT, and to identify whether insulin sensitivity correlates with circulating levels of adiponectin, SHBG, and osteocalcin before and after parathyroidectomy (PTX).

Materials And Methods: Forty-five patients with PHPT were examined before and 1 year after PTX.

Increased markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in patients with mild primary hyperparathyroidism.

Objectives: The association between primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and cardiovascular disease is incompletely understood. The aims of this study were to evaluate how cardiac function and markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction correlate in patients with mild PHPT, and how these markers are influenced by surgical cure of the parathyroid disease (PTX).

Material And Methods: Forty-five patients with PHPT were examined before and 1 year after PTX.

Increased plasma concentrations of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with mild primary hyperparathyroidism.

Objective: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is associated with heart disease. The aims of the present study were to evaluate how cardiac function and secretion of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) correlate in patients with mild PHPT, and how the plasma level of NT-proBNP is influenced by cure of the parathyroid disease.

Design And Patients: Forty-two patients with PHPT without symptoms of heart disease were examined before and 1 year after curative parathyroidectomy.

Increase of bioavailable testosterone is associated with gain in bone mineral density after cure of primary hyperparathyroidism in postmenopausal women.

Objective: The recovery of bone mineral density (BMD) after surgical cure of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) seems to be multifactorial and not just dependent on declining PTH. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of sex steroids in this context.

Design And Patients: Thirty-six postmenopausal women with PHPT were examined before and 1 year after curative parathyroidectomy.

Early parathyroidectomy increases bone mineral density in patients with mild primary hyperparathyroidism: a prospective and randomized study.

Background: There is an ongoing controversy regarding how to take care of patients with mild primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and how to grade their disease activity in terms of bone parameters. This prospective and randomized study was undertaken to evaluate skeletal effects of delayed surgical treatment in such patients.

Methods: Fifty patients with mild PHPT (serum calcium, 2.

Cardiac dysfunction in mild primary hyperparathyroidism assessed by radionuclide angiography and echocardiography before and after parathyroidectomy.

Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity for reasons that are incompletely understood. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of parathyroidectomy on cardiac function especially in patients with mild PHPT. METHODS; Fifty patients with mild PHPT (serum calcium, 2.