Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy Findings in Children With Obstructive Sleep Apnea With vs Without Obesity or Down Syndrome.

Importance: Persistent obstructive sleep apnea after adenotonsillectomy is common in children with Down syndrome or obesity. Drug-induced sleep endoscopy could help to identify anatomic differences in these patients that might affect surgical decision-making.

Objective: To assess drug-induced sleep endoscopy findings in surgically naive children with obstructive sleep apnea with obesity or Down syndrome and compare these findings with children without obesity or Down syndrome.

Endoscopic ear surgery in children with down syndrome.

Introduction: Children with Down syndrome (DS) have a high incidence of chronic middle ear disease. Surgery to manage this disease is challenging due to the severity of illness and narrow ear canal dimensions. Endoscopic ear surgery is used to manage tympanic membrane and middle ear disease with the advantages of improved visualization and avoidance of post-auricular incisions.

Pediatric primary Sjögren syndrome presenting with bilateral ranulas: A case report and systematic review of the literature.

Context: Primary Sjögren syndrome is uncommon in children, and the standard clinical criteria used in diagnosis of adult Sjögren syndrome will miss many children with the disease. Floor of mouth ranulas have not been described in Sjögren syndrome.

Objective: This study aims to describe a novel presentation of juvenile primary Sjögren syndrome, and to present a comprehensive systematic review of the literature regarding the presentation and diagnosis of Sjögren syndrome in children.

Association of TMTC2 With Human Nonsyndromic Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

Importance: Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is commonly caused by conditions that affect cochlear structures or the auditory nerve, and the genes identified as causing SNHL to date only explain a fraction of the overall genetic risk for this debilitating disorder. It is likely that other genes and mutations also cause SNHL.

Objective: To identify a candidate gene that causes bilateral, symmetric, progressive SNHL in a large multigeneration family of Northern European descent.

Parent Perception of Newborn Hearing Screening: Results of a US National Survey.

Importance: An unacceptably high number of children who do not pass universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) are lost to follow-up.

Objectives: To provide insight into parent recall of UNHS.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this nationally representative cross-sectional survey, 2144 US parent households were surveyed in May 2012 using the Knowledge Panel.

Pediatric cervicofacial necrotizing fasciitis: a case report and review of a 10-year national pediatric database.

Objective: To present a case of a pediatric cervicofacial necrotizing fasciitis (NF), a rapidly progressive infection, and a review of a 10-year pediatric inpatient database.

Design: Case report and review.

Setting: Pediatric intensive care unit.

Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma metastasis to the external auditory canal with facial nerve paralysis.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to present a case of small cell carcinoma arising from the tonsil with metastasis to the external auditory canal (EAC) and associated facial nerve paralysis.

Methods: This study includes a case report and review of the literature.

Conclusions: Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma from the head and neck is rarely described and carries a poor prognosis.

Vocal cord paralysis in children.

Purpose Of Review: Vocal fold paralysis (VFP) is an increasingly commonly identified problem in the pediatric patient. Diagnostic and management techniques honed in adult laryngologic practice have been successfully applied to children.

Recent Findings: Iatrogenic causes, including cardiothoracic procedures, remain a common cause of unilateral VFP.