Autism attenuates the perception of the mind-body divide.

People are intuitive Dualists-they tacitly consider the mind as ethereal, distinct from the body. Here we ask whether Dualism emerges naturally from the conflicting core principles that guide reasoning about objects, on the one hand, and about the minds of agents (theory of mind, ToM), on the other. To address this question, we explore Dualist reasoning in autism spectrum disorder (ASD)-a congenital disorder known to compromise ToM.

Nutrition therapy for acute renal failure: a new approach based on 'risk, injury, failure, loss, and end-stage kidney' classification (RIFLE).

Purpose Of Review: Critically ill patients are hypermetabolic and have increased nutrient requirements. Although it is assumed that nutritional support is beneficial in this group of patients there are no well designed clinical trials to test this hypothesis. The rationale for nutritional support, therefore, is based upon clinical judgement.

Impact of oral L-glutamine on glutathione, glutamine, and glutamate blood levels in volunteers.

Objective: We investigated the effect of glutamine supplementation on plasma glutamine (Gln), glutamate (Glu), and whole-blood glutathione (GSH) concentrations in human volunteers.

Methods: Subjects first adapted to a standard diet with known intakes of protein, total GSH, cysteine, methionine, and total Glu (Glu values include Glu and Gln) for 3 d. Plasma Gln, Glu, and whole-blood GSH levels were then measured at 4-h intervals over 24 h.

Practicalities of glutathione supplementation in nutritional support.

New nutraceutical products for nutritional support and antioxidant therapy such as glutathione require practical advice and information on the indications, methods and routes of administration, dosing (therapeutic drug monitoring), stability and physicochemical compatibility. This review is based on recent clinical and experimental publications in which glutathione has been used as a drug.