Optimization of economics of biomass fuel mix for boilers in tea processing through response surface methodology.

Fuelwood is the primary source of heat energy for tea processing, but its availability is declining due to population growth and logging restrictions. This study aimed to optimize the economics of biomass fuel mixtures for tea processing boilers by integrating macadamia nutshells as a supplementary fuelwood. The objective was to develop a cost-effective fuel mix strategy using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and MATLAB simulations.

Effect of gum Arabic content on maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of laterite soil.

Soil is a material that has been used in construction for centuries and nowadays represents one third of the world's construction. Cement and lime which are common stabilisers used to make soil-based blocks durable have been found to be harmful to the environment. Therefore, finding environmentally friendly materials as a substitute for cement and lime is of vital importance.