Nonpharmacologic Therapies for Postoperative Pain in Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: To search for studies that address the efficacy of nonpharmacologic methods for pain relief in adults undergoing cardiac surgeries.

Design: A systematic review registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under number CRD42020168681.

Data Source: PubMed, LILACS, CINAHL, the Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials.

Postoperative Pain Management in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: An Integrative Review.

Purpose: To identify pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions adopted for pain relief in the postoperative period of coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Design: Integrative review.

Methods: Studies published in English, Spanish, and Portuguese from January 2010 to December 2019 in Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Science, PubMed, and Web of Science.

Effect of listening to music on anxiety, pain, and cardiorespiratory parameters in cardiac surgery: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain are frequent in cardiac surgeries and constitute important stressors for patients, which can cause several complications. One strategy that aims to alleviate these phenomena is listening to music as a non-pharmacological intervention. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of listening to music on preoperative state-anxiety, postoperative pain, at rest and when instructed to cough, and cardiorespiratory parameters in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.