Evolving trends in interventions and outcomes for acute biliary pancreatitis during pregnancy: A two-decade analysis.

Background/objectives: Cholelithiasis is the most common cause of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy. We analyzed trends in acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) among pregnant women over the past two decades to evaluate changes in outcomes, including the incidence of severe acute pancreatitis, mortality rates, and hospital length of stay.

Methods: Using the National Inpatient Sample, we identified adult women of childbearing age (age 18-50 years) with hospitalization for ABP from 2002 to 2020.

A systematic review of machine learning-based prognostic models for acute pancreatitis: Towards improving methods and reporting quality.

Background: An accurate prognostic tool is essential to aid clinical decision-making (e.g., patient triage) and to advance personalized medicine.

Disparities in gender and race representation among authors of inflammatory bowel disease clinical trials.

Background And Aims: Female physicians, particularly those from minority populations, are significantly underrepresented in research authorship in gastroenterology. This underrepresentation negatively impacts their career progression. This study analyses gender and race representation trends in published clinical trials in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and associated factors.

Interobserver Agreement in Dysplasia Grading of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms: Performance of Kyoto Guidelines and Optimization of Endomicroscopy Biomarkers through Pathology Reclassification.

Background And Aims: Interobserver agreement (IOA) among pancreaticobiliary (PB) pathologists in evaluating high-grade dysplasia and/or invasive carcinoma (HGD-IC) of IPMNs remains understudied. EUS-guided needle-based confocal endomicroscopy (nCLE) can evaluate papillary architecture in branch-duct (BD)-IPMNs. We assessed IOA among PB pathologists in classifying dysplasia in resected IPMNs and compared the performance of the Kyoto guidelines' high-risk stigmata (HRS) and pre-surgical EUS-nCLE against reclassified pathology.

Comparing Satisfaction Among Providers Treating Both Pediatric and Adult Otolaryngology Patients.

Objective: Although pediatric otolaryngology providers are reported to garner lower patient satisfaction than adults, this difference is not well characterized. This study investigates whether patient satisfaction differences exist in providers who treat both pediatric and adult patients.

Study Design: Retrospective review.

Diagnosis and treatment of a biliary fistula to walled-off pancreatic necrosis.

Video 1Visualization and treatment of a biliary fistula into a walled-off pancreatic necrosis collection.

Using Consumer Wearable Devices to Profile Postoperative Complications After Pediatric Appendectomy.

Introduction: Markers of postoperative recovery in pediatric patients are difficult for parents to evaluate after hospital discharge, who use subjective proxies to assess recovery and the onset of complications. Consumer-grade wearable devices (e.g.

Using Wearable Devices to Profile Demographic-Specific Recovery After Pediatric Appendectomy.

Introduction: Counseling patients and parents about the postoperative recovery expectations for physical activity after pediatric appendectomy varies significantly and is not specific to patients' demographic characteristics. Consumer wearable devices (CWD) can be used to objectively assess patients' normative postoperative recovery of physical activity. This study aimed to develop demographic-specific normative physical activity recovery trajectories using CWD in pediatric patients undergoing appendectomy.

Consumer Wearables Define a Normative Recovery Trajectory Following the Modified Nuss Procedure.

Introduction: The modified Nuss procedure is an elective procedure associated with a lengthy recovery, uncontrolled pain, and risk of infrequent, yet life-threatening complications. The absence of objective measures of normative postoperative recovery creates uncertainty about the postdischarge period, which remains highly dependent on the patients' and their caregivers' expectations and management of recovery. We aimed to describe an objective-normative, physical activity recovery trajectory after the modified Nuss procedure, using step counts from the Fitbit.

Endoscopic advances in the management of gastric cancer and premalignant gastric conditions.

Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer and in 2018, it was the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Endoscopic advances continue to be made for the diagnosis and management of both early gastric cancer and premalignant gastric conditions. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology and risk factors of gastric cancer and emphasize the differences in early late-stage gastric cancer outcomes.

Comparing two different techniques to repair pediatric anterior tympanic membrane perforations.

Objective: Compare outcomes between a microscopic and endoscopic technique for anterior tympanic membrane (TM) perforation.

Methods: Results of microscopic overlay (MT) and endoscopic tympanoplasty (ET) for management of anterior TM perforations from a single surgeon.

Results: There were 28 patients in the MT group and 35 in the ET group.

Interobserver reliability of methods to determine complete resection of adenomas in colonoscopy.

Background: Forceps margin biopsy and polypectomy specimen margins have both been used to assess for polypectomy resection adequacy. The interobserver reliability of the two methods has not been well described.

Methods: The interpretability of polypectomy specimens for presence of residual neoplasia at the margin was assessed by two blinded pathologists.

A Phase Ib Study to Evaluate the MEK Inhibitor Cobimetinib in Combination with the ERK1/2 Inhibitor GDC-0994 in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors.

Lessons Learned: Despite strong preclinical rationale, combined cobimetinib-mediated MEK inhibition and GDC-0994-mediated ERK inhibition was not tolerable on two 28-day dosing schedules in which GDC-0994 was given for 21 days continuously and cobimetinib administered over 21 days either continuously or intermittently. Adverse events were as expected for mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway inhibition, but overlapping and cumulative toxicities could not be managed on either dosing schedule. Pharmacokinetic parameters of cobimetinib and GDC-0994 given in combination were similar to those previously observed in monotherapy studies, so that there was no evidence of drug-drug interaction.

Extended 5-Year Follow-up Results of a Phase Ib Study (BRIM7) of Vemurafenib and Cobimetinib in -Mutant Melanoma.

Purpose: To report the 5-year overall survival (OS) landmark and the long-term safety profile of vemurafenib plus cobimetinib (BRAF plus MEK inhibition, respectively) in the BRIM7 study.

Patients And Methods: This phase Ib, dose-finding, and expansion study evaluated combination treatment with vemurafenib and cobimetinib in two cohorts of patients with advanced -mutated melanoma: patients who were BRAF inhibitor (BRAFi)-naïve ( = 63) or patients who had progressed on prior treatment with BRAFi monotherapy [vemurafenib monotherapy-progressive disease (PD); = 66]. Patients in the dose-escalation phase received vemurafenib at 720 or 960 mg twice daily in combination with cobimetinib at 60, 80, or 100 mg/d for 14 days on/14 days off, 21 days on/7 days off, or continuously.

Management of complicated airway foreign body aspiration using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

Objectives: Successful removal of an airway foreign body can be very challenging. We present three patients with airway foreign body aspiration successfully treated using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Their clinical presentation and findings will be reviewed to determine when ECMO should be considered for treatment.