Where is my arm? Investigating the link between complex regional pain syndrome and poor localisation of the affected limb.

Background: Anecdotally, people living with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) often report difficulties in localising their own affected limb when it is out of view. Experimental attempts to investigate this report have used explicit tasks and yielded varied results.

Methods: Here we used a limb localisation task that interrogates implicit mechanisms because we first induce a compelling illusion called the Disappearing Hand Trick (DHT).

Mini Pinyin: A modified miniature language for studying language learning and incremental sentence processing.

Artificial grammar learning (AGL) paradigms are used extensively to characterise (neuro)cognitive bases of language learning. However, despite their effectiveness in characterising the capacity to learn complex structured sequences, AGL paradigms lack ecological validity and typically do not account for cross-linguistic differences in sentence comprehension. Here, we describe a new modified miniature language paradigm - Mini Pinyin - that mimics natural language as it is based on an existing language (Mandarin Chinese) and includes both structure and meaning.