Label-Free SERS Sensors for Real-Time Monitoring of Tyrosine Phosphorylation.

Dysregulation of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) has been shown to correlate with cancer cell proliferation and drug resistance. Thus, monitoring the activity of RTKs at a chemical level could provide new biomedical insights and methods to assess the drug efficacy. However, direct monitoring of kinase activity is challenging and most commonly relies on techniques such as Western blotting and ELISAs.

Compact Electrochromic Optical Recording of Bioelectric Potentials.

Electrochromic optical recording (ECORE) is a label-free method that utilizes electrochromism to optically detect electrical signals in biological cells with a high signal-to-noise ratio and is suitable for long-term recording. However, ECORE usually requires a large and intricate optical setup, making it relatively difficult to transport and to study specimens on a large scale. Here, we present a Compact ECORE (CECORE) apparatus that drastically reduces the spatial footprint and complexity of the ECORE setup whilst maintaining high sensitivity.

Battlefield Acupuncture vs Ketorolac for Treating Pain in the Emergency Department.

Background: Many patients arrive in the emergency department (ED) with acute pain. Battlefield acupuncture (BFA) uses small, semipermanent acupuncture needles in 5 set points anatomically located on each ear to reduce pain in a few minutes. Pain relief can last months, depending on the pathology of the pain.

Dual-Color Optical Recording of Bioelectric Potentials by Polymer Electrochromism.

Optical recording based on voltage-sensitive fluorescent reporters allows for spatial flexibility of measuring from desired cells, but photobleaching and phototoxicity of the fluorescent labels often limit their sensitivity and recording duration. Voltage-dependent optical absorption, rather than fluorescence, of electrochromic materials, would overcome these limitations to achieve long-term optical recording of bioelectrical signals. Electrochromic materials such as PEDOT:PSS possess the property that an applied voltage can either increase or decrease the light absorption depending on the wavelength.

Refractive results with SMILE using lower energy settings in the United States.

Purpose: To report the visual and refractive results of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) with low energy settings in the United States (US) and to evaluate outcomes for low astigmatism treatment.

Setting: Private clinical practice.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Optical Electrophysiology: Toward the Goal of Label-Free Voltage Imaging.

Measuring and monitoring the electrical signals transmitted between neurons is key to understanding the communication between neurons that underlies human perception, information processing, and decision-making. While electrode-based electrophysiology has been the gold standard, optical electrophysiology has opened up a new area in the past decade. Voltage-dependent fluorescent reporters enable voltage imaging with high spatial resolution and flexibility to choose recording locations.

Label-free optical detection of bioelectric potentials using electrochromic thin films.

Understanding how a network of interconnected neurons receives, stores, and processes information in the human brain is one of the outstanding scientific challenges of our time. The ability to reliably detect neuroelectric activities is essential to addressing this challenge. Optical recording using voltage-sensitive fluorescent probes has provided unprecedented flexibility for choosing regions of interest in recording neuronal activities.

Relaxation Dynamics of Hydrated Thymine, Thymidine, and Thymidine Monophosphate Probed by Liquid Jet Time-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy.

The relaxation dynamics of thymine and its derivatives thymidine and thymidine monophosphate are studied using time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy applied to a water microjet. Two absorption bands are studied; the first is a bright ππ* state which is populated using tunable-ultraviolet light in the range 4.74-5.

Aminopyrazole Carboxamide Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors. Irreversible to Reversible Covalent Reactive Group Tuning.

Potent covalent inhibitors of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) based on an aminopyrazole carboxamide scaffold have been identified. Compared to acrylamide-based covalent reactive groups leading to irreversible protein adducts, cyanamide-based reversible-covalent inhibitors provided the highest combined BTK potency and EGFR selectivity. The cyanamide covalent mechanism with BTK was confirmed through enzyme kinetic, NMR, MS, and X-ray crystallographic studies.

Control of Interfacial Cl and NO Reactivity by a Zwitterionic Phospholipid in Comparison with Ionic and Uncharged Surfactants.

Gas-liquid scattering experiments reveal that charge-separated but neutral (zwitterionic) surfactants catalyze the oxidation of dissolved Br to Br by gaseous Cl at the surface of a 0.3 M NaBr/glycerol solution. Solutions of NaBr dissolved in glycerol with no surfactant were compared with solutions coated with zwitterionic, cationic, and anionic surfactants at dilute surface concentrations of 1.

Corneal edema and keratitis following selective laser trabeculoplasty.

Purpose: To describe three cases of keratitis following Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT).

Observations: Three females with a history of glaucoma presented with corneal edema, keratitis (endothelial, epithelial) and decreased visual acuity shortly after SLT. There was variable resolution of symptoms after starting treatment with oral antiherpetics and topical steroids.

Rapidly progressive cataract formation associated with non-small-cell lung cancer therapy.

Unlabelled: We report 6 patients who developed rapidly progressive hypermature cataracts after starting treatment with rociletinib, a non-small-cell lung cancer therapy with known side effects of hyperglycemia, fatigue, and prolonged QT. Early cataract detection and surgery may prevent complications during future cataract removal. Although rociletinib development has been suspended, there are patients who have been treated and will continue to be treated with this medication based on their physician's judgment.

Lichen Nitidus of the Eyelids.

Lichen nitidus is a rare, idiopathic inflammatory condition that typically presents as small, flat-topped papules on the chest, abdomen, and upper extremities. The lesions are benign and often asymptomatic and self-resolve. The pediatric population is most often affected.

Double-C loop platform in combination with hydrophobic and hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lens materials.

Purpose: To analyze the behavior of a new double-C-loop quadripod symmetrical intraocular lens (IOL) platform combined with a hydrophilic lens material and a new hydrophobic glistening-free acrylic lens material, Ankoris and Podeye, respectively, in silico (computer simulation), in vitro (laboratory investigation), and in vivo (rabbit model).

Setting: John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA, and Physiol S.

Pathologic evidence of pseudoexfoliation in cases of in-the-bag intraocular lens subluxation or dislocation.

Purpose: To provide complete histopathologic evaluation of explanted capsular bags that spontaneously dislocated in the late postoperative period, with the main objective being to assess the presence of pseudoexfoliation (PXF) material.

Setting: Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany, and John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.

Capsulorhexis phimosis with anterior flexing of an accommodating IOL: case report and histopathological analyses.

We describe the case of a patient who had cataract surgery with implantation of an accommodating hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) that exhibited capsulorhexis phimosis and in-the-bag IOL luxation leading to explantation of the IOL-capsular bag complex 10 years after implantation. Constriction of the capsular bag secondary to fibrosis caused significant anterior flexing of the haptic elements of the IOL. Histopathological analysis revealed dense anterior subcapsular fibrosis and fibrous metaplasia of the anterior lens epithelial cells.

Light scattering and light transmittance of cadaver eye-explanted intraocular lenses of different materials.

Purpose: To evaluate light scattering and light transmittance in cadaver eye-explanted intraocular lenses (IOLs) manufactured from different materials.

Setting: John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.

Light transmittance of 1-piece hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lenses with surface light scattering removed from cadaver eyes.

Purpose: To assess the potential effect of surface light scattering on light transmittance of 1-piece hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lenses (IOLs) with or without a blue-light filter.

Setting: John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.

Capsular bag opacification with a new accommodating intraocular lens.

Purpose: To evaluate the biocompatibility and capsular bag opacification of an accommodating intraocular lens (IOL) containing large haptic elements that separate the anterior and posterior capsules.

Setting: John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.

Calcification of a hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lens after Descemet-stripping endothelial keratoplasty: case report and laboratory analyses.

We describe the case of an 83-year-old woman who had uneventful phacoemulsification with implantation of a tripod hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lens (IOL). Because of postoperative corneal decompensation, 2 Descemet-stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK) procedures were performed within 2 years. After the second procedure, the graft was not well attached, requiring an intracameral injection of air on day 3.

Childhood Vascular Risk Factors and Retinal Vessel Caliber.

Purpose: Variations in retinal vessel caliber have been associated with risk of ocular and systemic vascular diseases in adults. In this study, we examined the relationships between childhood vascular risk factors and retinal vessel caliber in young healthy adolescents.

Design: This was a cross-sectional study of 1225 adolescents recruited from 3 community-based schools in Singapore.

The effect of tissue wrapping on the expansion of hydrophilic orbital implants.

Purpose: Hydrogel implants have been used in hypoplastic orbital expansion. Advantages include insertion through a small incision and expansion without manipulation. The rapid rate of expansion, however, may lead to undesirable outcomes, including implant migration.