Predicting local material thickness from steady-state ultrasonic wavefield measurements using a convolutional neural network.

Acoustic steady-state excitation spatial spectroscopy (ASSESS) is a full-field, ultrasonic non-destructive evaluation (NDE) technique used to locate and characterize defects in plate-like structures. ASSESS generates a steady-state, single-tone ultrasonic excitation in a structure and a scanning laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV) measures the resulting full-field surface velocity response. Traditional processing techniques for ASSESS data rely on wavenumber domain analysis.

Assessment of paediatric head shape and management of craniosynostosis.

Background: The presentation of a child with an abnormal head shape can be challenging and should be met with an appropriate clinical approach. Craniosynostosis is a common cause of paediatric skull deformity and is best managed by a multispecialty tertiary referral unit with regular follow-up. As craniosynostosis frequently requires time-sensitive surgery, it is important to differentiate between craniosynostosis and common self-limiting conditions such as deformational plagiocephaly.

Telehealth in surgery: an umbrella review.

Background: Telehealth use has increased worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, hands-on requirements of surgical care may have resulted in slower implementation. This umbrella review (review of systematic reviews) evaluated the perceptions, safety and implementation of telehealth services in surgery, and telehealth usage in Australia between 2020 and 2021.

Surprisingly good outcome in antenatal diagnosis of severe hydrocephalus related to CCDC88C deficiency.

Non-syndromic congenital hydrocephalus is aetiologically diverse and while a genetic cause is frequently suspected, it often cannot be confirmed. The most common genetic cause is L1CAM-related X-linked hydrocephalus and that explains only 5%-10% of all male cases. This underlines a current limitation in our understanding of the genetic burden of non-syndromic congenital hydrocephalus, especially for those cases with likely autosomal recessive inheritance.

Use of external orthotic helmet therapy in positional plagiocephaly.

Positional plagiocephaly is the most common type of cranial asymmetry affecting infants. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of helmet therapy compared to no helmet therapy in treating positional plagiocephaly in infants under the age of 1year. This retrospective review was conducted in an Australian paediatric hospital and included 171 patients recruited from outpatient clinics.

Clinical outcomes in the surgical treatment of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus.

Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) is a syndrome of gait disturbance, dementia and urinary incontinence. Outcomes after ventriculoperitoneal shunting for INPH are variable due to a lack of reliable, quantitative outcome data and inconsistent methods of selecting shunt candidates. The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to assess objective and quantitative clinical outcomes of ventriculoperitoneal shunting for INPH.

A Review of Clinical Outcomes for Gait and Other Variables in the Surgical Treatment of Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.

Background: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) is a treatable cause of gait disturbance, cognitive impairment, and urinary incontinence. This clinical triad of symptoms occurs in association with ventriculomegaly and normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure. Although the treatment outcomes after CSF shunting for INPH have improved significantly since its first description in 1965, shortcomings in our understanding still remain.

Treatment of a pontine neuroepithelial cyst by placement of a cystocisternal grommet.

We describe an 8-year-old girl who presented with cranial nerve compression due to a brainstem cyst adjacent to the fourth ventricle and describe the first documented insertion of a grommet to form a conduit between a neuroepithelial cyst and ventricle. The patient presented with diplopia and headaches and was found to have the cystic lesion in the right pons. The patient underwent craniotomy, aspiration and fenestration with subsequent recurrence 8 months later.

Resolution of hydrocephalus-associated sensorineural hearing loss after insertion of ventriculoperitoneal shunt.

The authors present a pediatric patient with severe hearing loss due to communicating hydrocephalus. This is the first clearly documented case of de novo sensorineural deafness caused by hydrocephalus, with subsequent improvement in hearing after shunt insertion. The patient initially presented with otitis media and was found to have hearing loss.

Reversible Epstein-Barr virus-negative lymphadenopathy and bone marrow involved by Hodgkin's lymphoma in a rheumatoid arthritis patient undergoing long-term treatment with low-dose methotrexate: a case report and review of the literature.

We report a case of spontaneous regression of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-negative methotrexate-associated lymphadenopathy occurring with Hodgkin's lymphoma in the bone marrow of a 48-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis. Following 10 years of treatment with low-dose methotrexate, the patient developed pancytopenia, hypercalcemia, and elevated levels of liver enzymes over the course of 2 months. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen revealed splenomegaly and enlarged abdominal lymph nodes.

Squamous cell carcinoma presenting as an endodontic-periodontic lesion.

Background: Regardless of advances in diagnosis and treatment during the past 40 years, the overall 5-year survival rates for oral and oropharyngeal squamous cancers have only slightly improved and remain around 50%. Thus, the early diagnosis and treatment of carcinoma by health care providers are essential in achieving a good prognosis. We report a case of invasive squamous cell carcinoma that presented as a benign endodontic-periodontic lesion with a 7-mm periodontal pocket on tooth #15 in a 40-year-old, non-smoking woman.

Mantle cell lymphoma disguised as marginal zone lymphoma.

We report a case of mantle cell lymphoma histologically indistinguishable from marginal zone lymphoma. An 83-year-old man presented with a 9.0-cm, slowly enlarging axillary mass.

Histologic variation of grade and stage of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in liver biopsies.

Background: Sampling error regarding disease grade and stage has been ascribed to needle liver biopsies in patients with chronic liver disease. Although several studies evaluating sampling error in liver biopsies exist, none have investigated this phenomenon in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aims to determine the rate and extent of sampling error in liver biopsies obtained from patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) surgery for morbid obesity.

A 59-year-old woman with immunotactoid glomerulopathy, heavy-chain disease, and non-hodgkin lymphoma.

Immunotactoid glomerulopathy is one of several renal disorders characterized by the extracellular deposition of nonamyloid fibrillary deposits. There is considerable debate as to whether immunotactoid glomerulopathy should be distinguished from fibrillary glomerulonephritis, a closely related entity. Currently, the distinction is based on fibril size and arrangement.