Stability of Nano-Emulsified Cannabidiol in Acidic Foods and Beverages.

Food and beverage products containing cannabidiol (CBD) is a growing industry, but some CBD products contain Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ-THC), despite being labeled as "THC-free". As CBD can convert to Δ-THC under acidic conditions, a potential cause is the formation of Δ-THC during storage of acidic CBD products. In this study, we investigated if acidic products (pH ≤ 4) fortified with CBD would facilitate conversion to THC over a 2-15-month time period.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of five distinct commercially available hemp-derived topical cannabidiol products.

Products containing cannabidiol (CBD) have proliferated after the 2018 Farm Bill legalized hemp (cannabis with ≤0.3% delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC)). CBD-containing topical products have surged in popularity, but controlled clinical studies on them are limited.

Stabilization of urinary THC solutions with a simple non-ionic surfactant.

To stabilize urinary solutions against adsorptive loss of metabolites of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a non-ionic surfactant, Tergitol, was investigated to reduce the need for special handling and storage of such solutions. Addition of surfactant up to 20 times the critical micelle concentration (CMC) did not adversely affect the analytical process. Yet, at only two times CMC, surfactant was found to mitigate adsorptive loss of THC analytes under a variety of storage and handling conditions including exposure to glass and plastic surfaces, after storage in a refrigerator or freezer, and at reduced pH, where adsorptive losses were expected to be significant.

Chitosan cross-linking with a water-soluble, blocked diisocyanate. 2. Solvates and hydrogels.

A water-soluble, blocked diisocyante was used to cross-link chitosan under various degrees of solvation, including hydration to form hydrogels. Thermal cross-linking of films cast from various amounts of organic cosolvents was found to increase with increased level of cosolvent up to a solvation level of 17% (w/w) and to be more efficient than for films prepared without cosolvent. Rheological studies revealed that gel modulus increased and gel time decreased with increasing cross-linker content and that gelation kinetics were consistent with a process having an activation energy of 103 kJ/mol.

Endothelial cell adhesion to the fibronectin CS5 domain in artificial extracellular matrix proteins.

This study examines the spreading and adhesion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) on artificial extracellular matrix (aECM) proteins containing sequences derived from elastin and fibronectin. Three aECM variants were studied: aECM 1 contains lysine residues periodically spaced within the protein sequence and three repeats of the CS5 domain of fibronectin, aECM 2 contains periodically spaced lysines and three repeats of a scrambled CS5 sequence, and aECM 3 contains lysines at the protein termini and five CS5 repeats. Comparative cell binding and peptide inhibition assays confirm that the tetrapeptide sequence REDV is responsible for HUVEC adhesion to aECM proteins that contain the CS5 domain.

Chitosan cross-linking with a water-soluble, blocked diisocyanate. 1. Solid state.

The present investigation focuses on the synthesis and application of a cross-linking agent that is compatible with the solubility characteristics of chitosan. A water-soluble, blocked-diisocyanate was prepared as a bisulfite adduct to 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, which proved to be stable for several weeks in aqueous, acidic chitosan solutions at room temperature. Thermal cross-linking of chitosan as cast, dried films was investigated by varying the NCO/NH(2) ratio from 0.

General O-glycosylation of 2-furfuryl alcohol using beta-glucuronidase.

beta-Glucuronidase from bovine liver is able to catalyze transfer of several carbohydrates to furfuryl alcohol, an acid-sensitive diene, with transfer yields as high as 84%. Carbohydrates that were transferred in yields of 30% or higher include gluco-, galacto-, xylo-, and fucopyranose. Small variations in the configuration of the substrate hydroxyls lead to large variations in the catalytic behavior of the enzyme in terms of both the initial reaction velocities and the final ratios of transfer-to-hydrolysis.