Tracheal replacement revisited: Use of a vascularized tracheal transplant in a porcine model.

Objectives/hypothesis: To determine if a long segment of trachea can be transplanted as a vascularized organ and to determine if a tracheal transplant is a potential surgical option for a long-segment circumferential tracheal defect.

Study Design: Animal model.

Methods: Four (two donors and two recipients) adult domestic Yorkshire swine were used.

The changing picture of high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia in men who have sex with men: the effects of 10 years of experience performing high-resolution anoscopy.

Background: Ten years ago, we published findings from anal dysplasia screening in a metropolitan surgical practice where the majority of men who have sex with men had biopsy-proven high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of 10 years of experience in anal dysplasia screening on the prevalence of high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia.

Design: A retrospective chart review was performed of all anal cytology results of 1189 men who have sex with men screened in a 1-year period, with subsequent high-resolution anoscopy and biopsy as necessary.

Predictors of anal dysplasia in men who have sex with men with benign cytology.

Purpose: Anal cytology is used to screen patients for anal dysplasia. Anal pap smears are collected without direct visualization of the canal, whereas cervical cytology is obtained with direct visualization. Current screening guidelines dictate that patients with abnormal cytology are to be evaluated with high-resolution anoscopy, and patients with benign anal cytology forgo high-resolution anoscopy.