Command economies, graduated responsibility, and Competence-Based Medical Education.

Competence-Based Medical Education (CBME) rightly emphasizes that residents should actively take charge of their own education by ensuring they are progressing towards competence in an array of Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs). Paradoxically, many CBME curricula then dictate exactly how this is to happen by listing a multitude of variables that must be checked off regarding the specifics of cases encountered. This is burdensome and unrealistic as well as contrary to the spirit of CBME.

Abuse as a risk factor for prenatal depressive symptoms: a meta-analysis.

Depression is the most common mental disorder in pregnancy. An important risk factor in the development of prenatal depression is lifetime history of abuse. The current review quantitatively synthesized research on the association between history of abuse and prenatal depressive symptoms using a meta-analytic technique.

Towards a shared mental model of progressive competence in postgraduate medical education.

Many professions have hierarchies and a promotion structure. Postgraduate medicine has a tradition of promoting residents based on time spent in a certain specialty. The military, too, may promote its personnel based on factors other than just merit.