Light Emission in 2D Silver Phenylchalcogenolates.

Silver phenylselenolate (AgSePh, also known as "mithrene") and silver phenyltellurolate (AgTePh, also known as "tethrene") are two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals semiconductors belonging to an emerging class of hybrid organic-inorganic materials called metal-organic chalcogenolates. Despite having the same crystal structure, AgSePh and AgTePh exhibit a strikingly different excitonic behavior. Whereas AgSePh exhibits narrow, fast luminescence with a minimal Stokes shift, AgTePh exhibits comparatively slow luminescence that is significantly broadened and red-shifted from its absorption minimum.

Power-Dependent Photoluminescence Efficiency in Manganese-Doped 2D Hybrid Perovskite Nanoplatelets.

Substitutional metal doping is a powerful strategy for manipulating the emission spectra and excited state dynamics of semiconductor nanomaterials. Here, we demonstrate the synthesis of colloidal manganese (Mn)-doped organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite nanoplatelets (chemical formula: L[APbMnBr]PbMnBr; L, butylammonium; A, methylammonium or formamidinium; (= 1 or 2), number of PbMnBr octahedral layers in thickness) a ligand-assisted reprecipitation method. Substitutional doping of manganese for lead introduces bright (approaching 100% efficiency) and long-lived (>500 μs) midgap Mn atomic states, and the doped nanoplatelets exhibit dual emission from both the band edge and the dopant state.

Predicting future left anterior descending artery events from non-culprit lesions: insights from the Lipid-Rich Plaque study.

Aims: The left anterior descending (LAD) artery is the most frequently affected site by coronary artery disease. The prospective Lipid Rich Plaque (LRP) study, which enrolled patients undergoing imaging of non-culprits followed over 2 years, reported the successful identification of coronary segments at risk of future events based on near-infrared spectroscopy-intravascular ultrasound (NIRS-IVUS) lipid signals. We aimed to characterize the plaque events involving the LAD vs.

Feasibility of point-of-care cardiac ultrasound performed by clinicians at health centers in Tanzania.

Background: Point-of-care cardiac ultrasound (cardiac POCUS) has potential to become a useful tool for improving cardiovascular care in Tanzania. We conducted a pilot program to train clinicians at peripheral health centers to obtain and interpret focused cardiac POCUS examinations using a hand-held portable device.

Methods: Over a 5-day period, didactic and experiential methods were used to train clinicians to conduct a pre-specified scanning protocol and recognize key pathologies.

Predictive Value of Combining Biomarkers for Clinical Outcomes in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

Introduction: A high tumor mutational burden (TMB) (≥10 mut/Mb) has been associated with improved clinical benefit in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and is a tumor agnostic indication for pembrolizumab across tumor types. We explored whether combining TMB with programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and pretreatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was associated with improved outcomes in ICI-treated NSCLC.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients treated with ICI with Foundation One genomic testing, including TMB.

Two Origins of Broadband Emission in Multilayered 2D Lead Iodide Perovskites.

Broadband emission in lead iodide 2D perovskites has been alternately attributed to self-trapped excitons (STEs) or permanent structural defects and/or impurities. Here, we investigate six different multilayered ( > 1) 2D lead iodide perovskites as a function of sample temperature from 5 to 300 K. We distinguish shallow defect-associated emission from a broad near-infrared (NIR) spectral feature, which we assign to an STE through subgap photoexcitation experiments.

2-Year Outcomes After Stenting of Lipid-Rich and Nonrich Coronary Plaques.

Background: Autopsy studies suggest that implanting stents in lipid-rich plaque (LRP) may be associated with adverse outcomes.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between LRP detected by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and clinical outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease treated with contemporary drug-eluting stents.

Methods: In this prospective, multicenter registry, NIRS was performed in patients undergoing coronary angiography and possible percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Identification of patients and plaques vulnerable to future coronary events with near-infrared spectroscopy intravascular ultrasound imaging: a prospective, cohort study.

Background: Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) intravascular ultrasound imaging can detect lipid-rich plaques (LRPs). LRPs are associated with acute coronary syndromes or myocardial infarction, which can result in revascularisation or cardiac death. In this study, we aimed to establish the relationship between LRPs detected by NIRS-intravascular ultrasound imaging at unstented sites and subsequent coronary events from new culprit lesions.

Relation of Lymphangiogenic Factor Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-D to Elevated Pulmonary Artery Wedge Pressure.

Lymphatic flow is augmented in states of chronic heart failure (cHF). However, the biological mechanism driving increased lymphatic flow capacity (lymphangiogenesis) in cHF is unknown. Recent studies have indicated that vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF-A, -C, and -D) are involved in lymphangiogenesis.

Lymphoma and Pathology in Sub-Saharan Africa: Current Approaches and Future Directions.

The care of patients with lymphoma relies heavily on accurate tissue diagnosis and classification. In sub-Saharan Africa, where lymphoma burden is increasing because of population growth, aging, and continued epidemic levels of human immunodeficiency virus infection, diagnostic pathology services are limited. This article summarizes lymphoma epidemiology, current diagnostic capacity, and obstacles and opportunities for improving practice in the region.

Practical Successes in Telepathology Experiences in Africa.

Across much of Africa, there is a critical shortage of pathology services necessary for clinical care. Even in settings where specialty-level clinical care, such as medical oncology, is available, access to anatomic pathology services has often lagged behind. Pathology laboratories in the region are challenging to establish and maintain.

Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma in Malawi: a report of three cases.

Background: Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) reports from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are remarkably rare, despite early childhood acquisition and high prevalence of the causative infectious agent, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and frequent occurrence of other lymphoproliferative disorders causally associated with EBV.

Case Presentations: At a national teaching hospital in Malawi, three patients of African descent were seen with ENKTCL between 2013 and 2014. Patients were aged between 29 and 60 years, two with craniofacial involvement and one with a primary abdominal tumor, and all were HIV-negative.

Higher Maximum Doses and Infusion Rates Compared with Standard Unfractionated Heparin Therapy Are Associated with Adequate Anticoagulation without Increased Bleeding in Both Obese and Nonobese Patients with Cardiovascular Indications.

Study Objective: To evaluate the time to achieve therapeutic activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) values and occurrence of bleeding based on standard unfractionated heparin (UFH) weight-based dosing recommendations compared with an aggressive weight-based UFH dosing strategy using higher maximum doses and infusion rates in both obese and nonobese patients who presented with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction or unstable angina (NSTEMI/UA) or atrial fibrillation.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Academic medical center.

Advances in transcatheter valve therapies.

The surgical treatment for valvular heart disease is well established with excellent long-term outcomes in appropriately selected patients. For patients at elevated risk for surgical intervention, options have traditionally been limited to medical therapy with disappointing results. The advent of transcatheter techniques of valvular repair or replacement has revolutionized treatment options for these patients at significantly elevated risk for surgery.

Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure affects measurement of fractional flow reserve.

Background: Fractional flow reserve (FFR), the hyperemic ratio of distal (Pd) to proximal (Pa) coronary pressure, is used to identify the need for coronary revascularization. Changes in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) might affect measurements of FFR.

Methods And Materials: LVEDP was recorded simultaneously with Pd and Pa during conventional FFR measurement as well as during additional infusion of nitroprusside.

Comparison of lipid deposition at coronary bifurcations versus at nonbifurcation portions of coronary arteries as determined by near-infrared spectroscopy.

Atherosclerosis has been shown to develop preferentially at sites of coronary bifurcation, yet culprit lesions resulting in ST-elevation myocardial infarction do not occur more frequently at these sites. We hypothesized that these findings can be explained by similarities in intracoronary lipid and that lipid and lipid core plaque would be found with similar frequency in coronary bifurcation and nonbifurcation segments. One hundred seventy bifurcations were identified, 156 of which had comparative nonbifurcation segments proximal and/or distal to the bifurcation.

Alcohol septal ablation for obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: outcomes in young, middle-aged, and elderly patients.

Objectives: We compared the efficacy and safety of alcohol septal ablation (ASA) for obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in young, middle-aged, and elderly patients.

Background: Intersociety guidelines suggest based on limited evidence that young patients with medically refractory symptoms of obstructive HCM should undergo surgical myectomy while elderly patients may be more appropriate for ASA.

Methods: Data for 360 patients undergoing 389 ASAs were prospectively collected and retrospectively analyzed according to age.