The Impact of Radioactive Iodine on Outcomes Among Pediatric and Adolescent Thyroid Cancer Patients: A SEER Database Analysis.

Background/objectives: Pediatric populations with well-differentiated thyroid cancer typically have favorable prognoses. However, the role of radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation in these patients remains uncertain. This investigation evaluates the national trends, therapeutic practices, and the impact of RAI on clinical outcomes.

Radioactive iodine ablation therapy reduces the risk of recurrent disease in pediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

Background: While radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy in older adults with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) reduces recurrence, data in pediatrics remain limited. We conducted a meta-analysis to quantify outcomes and recurrence risk with RAI versus thyroidectomy alone in the pediatric population.

Methods: Systematic literature review identified 34 retrospective studies including 2913 DTC patients under age 22 years (published 2005-2023).

Race and Ethnicity Representation in Phase 2/3 Oncology Clinical Trial Publications: A Systematic Review.

Importance: The five 1997 Office of Management and Budget races in the US include American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Black or African American, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, and White, with Hispanic ethnicity. Despite the Affordable Care Act mandating Office of Management and Budget-based collecting and reporting standards, race and ethnicity publishing in medical journals is inconsistent, despite being necessary to achieve health equity.

Objective: To quantify race and ethnicity reporting rates and calculate representation quotients (RQs) in published oncology clinical trials.

Elucidating the link between thyroid cancer and mercury exposure: a review and meta-analysis.

Mercury (Hg) is a widely distributed and bioavailable metal of public health concern, with many known human toxicities, but data regarding mercury's influence on thyroid cancer (TC) is scarce. Mercury is known to impact several molecular pathways implicated in carcinogenesis, and its proclivity for bioaccumulation in the thyroid suggests a potential modulatory effect. We conducted a literature/systematic review of studies between 1995-2022 intending to define better and establish relationships between these two entities, congregate the evidence for mercury's potential role in thyroid carcinogenesis, and identify populations of interest for further study.

Cancer Disparities among Pacific Islanders: A Review of Sociocultural Determinants of Health in the Micronesian Region.

It is well appreciated that the social determinants of health are intimately related with health outcomes. However, there is a paucity of literature that explores these themes comprehensively for the indigenous people within Micronesia. Certain Micronesia-specific factors, such as transitions from traditional diets, the consumption of betel nut, and exposure to radiation from the nuclear bomb testing in the Marshall Islands, have predisposed certain Micronesian populations to an increased risk of developing a variety of malignancies.

The sphenopalatine vein: anatomical study of a rarely described structure.

Although in counterpart, the sphenopalatine artery (SPA), has been well described in the medical literature, the sphenopalatine vein (SPV) has received scant attention. Therefore, the present anatomical study was performed. Additionally, we discuss the variations, embryology, and clinical significance of the SPV.