Functional and Structural Remodeling as Atrial Fibrillation Progresses in a Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Canine Model.

Background: Contractile, electrical, and structural remodeling has been associated with atrial fibrillation (AF), but the progression of functional and structural changes as AF sustains has not been previously evaluated serially.

Objectives: Using a rapid-paced persistent AF canine model, the authors aimed to evaluate the structural and functional changes serially as AF progresses.

Methods: Serial electrophysiological studies in a chronic rapid-paced canine model (n = 19) prior to AF sustaining and repeated at 1, 3, and 6 months of sustained AF were conducted to measure changes in atrial conduction speed and direction.

Effects of Biventricular Pacing Locations on Anti-Tachycardia Pacing Success in a Patient-Specific Model.

Patients with drug-refractory ventricular tachycardia (VT) often undergo implantation of a cardiac defibrillator (ICD). While life-saving, shock from an ICD can be traumatic. To combat the need for defibrillation, ICDs come equipped with low-energy pacing protocols.