Impact of geochemical reactivity on desulphation requirements in a sandstone reservoir containing carbonate and sulphate minerals.

This paper presents an investigation of the impact of chemical and geochemical interactions on oil recovery efficiency and inorganic scale management. A common technique to support the reservoir pressure is water injection, but scale problems can be a major issue that develop during oil field production when there is water (especially seawater) injection. In such flooding scenarios, geochemical reactions occur between formation and injected water in terms of sulphate scales, such as barite.

Dynamic modeling of geological carbon storage in an oil reservoir, Bredasdorp Basin, South Africa.

Geological carbon storage provides an efficient technology for the large-scale reduction of atmospheric carbon, and the drive for net-zero emissions may necessitate the future usage of oil reservoirs for CO projects (without oil production), hence, dynamic modeling of an oil reservoir for CO storage in the Bredasdorp basin, South Africa, was therefore conducted. Injection into the reservoir was for 20 years (2030-2050), and 100 years (2050-2150) to study the CO-brine-oil interactions, with sensitivities carried out on reservoir boundary conditions. The closed boundary scenario experienced pressure buildup with a target injection rate of 0.

Head-to-head comparison of FOLFIRINOX versus gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel in advanced pancreatic cancer: a target trial emulation using real-world data.

Purpose: To emulate a hypothetical target trial assessing the effect of initiating 5-fluorouracil, folinic acid, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX) versus gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel (GN) within 8 weeks of diagnosis on overall survival.

Methods: An observational cohort study was conducted using population-level data from Alberta, Canada. Individuals diagnosed with advanced pancreatic cancer between April 2015 and December 2019 were identified through the provincial cancer registry and followed until March 2021.

Keeping it real: implications of real-world treatment outcomes for first-line immunotherapy in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer.

Tweetable abstract Recent RWD studies suggest that the performance of immunotherapy in NSCLC is not as good as that seen in RCTs. However, analyses using RWD (and their interpretation) require careful appraisal and quantification of possible sources of bias.

Assessment of Alectinib vs Ceritinib in ALK-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Phase 2 Trials and in Real-world Data.

Importance: Quantitative assessment of bias from unmeasured confounding and missing data can help evaluate uncertainty in findings from indirect comparisons using real-world data (RWD).

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of alectinib vs ceritinib in terms of overall survival (OS) in patients with ALK-positive, crizotinib-refractory, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to assess the sensitivity of these findings to unmeasured confounding and missing data assumptions.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This comparative effectiveness research study compared patients from 2 phase 2 alectinib trials and real-world patients.

Predictive accuracy of prenatal ultrasound findings for lower urinary tract obstruction: A systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis.

Background: Lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO) is a rare but critical fetal diagnosis. Different ultrasound markers have been reported with varying sensitivity and specificity.

Aims: The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound markers for LUTO.

The Landscape of Emerging Randomized Clinical Trial Evidence for COVID-19 Disease Stages: A Systematic Review of Global Trial Registries.

Purpose: A multitude of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have emerged in response to the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Understanding the distribution of trials among various settings is important to guide future research priorities and efforts. The purpose of this review was to describe the emerging evidence base of COVID-19 RCTs by stages of disease progression, from pre-exposure to hospitalization.

Impact of Maximum Allowable Cost on CO2 Storage Capacity in Saline Formations.

Injecting CO2 into deep saline formations represents an important component of many greenhouse-gas-reduction strategies for the future. A number of authors have posed concern over the thousands of injection wells likely to be needed. However, a more important criterion than the number of wells is whether the total cost of storing the CO2 is market-bearable.