Aplasia of the optic nerve.

Aplasia of the optic nerve is an extraordinarily rare congenital anomaly that affects one or both optic nerves and is associated with the absence of the central retinal vessel and retinal ganglion cells. We report a case of unilateral optic nerve aplasia in a 4-month-old infant who was found to have left microphthalmos on routine postnatal checkup. Family history, antenatal history, and systemic evaluation were unremarkable.

Congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle: a rare and challenging diagnosis.

Congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle is a rare clinical entity, first described in 1910. We report on a newborn baby girl who presented with a painless lump over mid-portion of right clavicle at her routine newborn examination, which was subsequently diagnosed as a congenital pseudarthrosis. Here we explore its pathogenesis, elaborate on its differential diagnoses in paediatric patients, and comment on its distinct radiological features.

Paediatric thyroid carcinoma in disguise: papillary thyroid carcinoma presenting with thyrotoxicosis and diffuse goiter.

Abstract Papillary thyroid carcinoma is rare in children. Its clinical manifestation may deviate from that observed in adult patients. We present a 14-year-old girl with papillary thyroid carcinoma.