Intraoperative Mechanical Power and Postoperative Pulmonary Complications in Noncardiothoracic Elective Surgery Patients: A 10-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Postoperative pulmonary complications is a major issue that affects outcomes of surgical patients. The hypothesis was that the intraoperative ventilation parameters are associated with occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications.

Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Lille University Hospital, France.

The natriuretic peptide receptor agonist osteocrin disperses biofilm.

Biofilms are highly tolerant to antimicrobials and host immune defense, enabling pathogens to thrive in hostile environments. The diversity of microbial biofilm infections requires alternative and complex treatment strategies. In a previous work we demonstrated that the human Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (hANP) displays a strong anti-biofilm activity toward and that the binding of hANP by the AmiC protein supports this effect.

Gut colonisation with multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae worsens Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection.

Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) are spreading rapidly in hospital settings. Asymptomatic CPE gut colonisation may be associated with dysbiosis and gut-lung axis alterations, which could impact lung infection outcomes. In this study, in male C57BL/6JRj mice colonised by CPE, we characterise the resulting gut dysbiosis, and analyse the lung immune responses and outcomes of subsequent Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection.

Progressive in vivo development of resistance to cefiderocol in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

We report in vivo development of cefiderocol (FDC) resistance among four sequential Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates ST244 recovered from a single patient, without exposure to FDC, which raises concern about the effectiveness of this novel drug. The first recovered P. aeruginosa isolate (P-01) was susceptible to FDC (2 μg/mL), albeit this MIC value was higher than that of a wild-type P.

High-Dose Dexamethasone and Oxygen Support Strategies in Intensive Care Unit Patients With Severe COVID-19 Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure: The COVIDICUS Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The benefit of high-dose dexamethasone and oxygenation strategies vs standard of care for patients with severe acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) caused by COVID-19 pneumonia is debated.

Objectives: To assess the benefit of high-dose dexamethasone compared with standard of care dexamethasone, and to assess the benefit of high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNo2) or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) compared with oxygen support standard of care (o2SC).

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial was conducted in 19 intensive care units (ICUs) in France from April 2020 to January 2021.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Dispersion by the Human Atrial Natriuretic Peptide.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms cause chronic, antibiotic tolerant infections in wounds and lungs. Numerous recent studies demonstrate that bacteria can detect human communication compounds through specific sensor/receptor tools that modulate bacterial physiology. Consequently, interfering with these mechanisms offers an exciting opportunity to directly affect the infection process.

Clinical decision support for severe trauma patients: Machine learning based definition of a bundle of care for hemorrhagic shock and traumatic brain injury.

Background: Deviation from guidelines is frequent in emergency situations, and this may lead to increased mortality. Probably because of time constraints, 55% is the greatest reported guidelines compliance rate in severe trauma patients. This study aimed to identify among all available recommendations a reasonable bundle of items that should be followed to optimize the outcome of hemorrhagic shocks (HSs) and severe traumatic brain injuries (TBIs).

Vascular Endothelial Damage in the Pathogenesis of Organ Injury in Severe COVID-19.

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Impact of High-Dose Prophylactic Anticoagulation in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia.

Background: Because of the high risk of thrombotic complications (TCs) during SARS-CoV-2 infection, several scientific societies have proposed to increase the dose of preventive anticoagulation, although arguments in favor of this strategy are inconsistent.

Research Question: What is the incidence of TC in critically ill patients with COVID-19 and what is the relationship between the dose of anticoagulant therapy and the incidence of TC?

Study Design And Methods: All consecutive patients referred to eight French ICUs for COVID-19 were included in this observational study. Clinical and laboratory data were collected from ICU admission to day 14, including anticoagulation status and thrombotic and hemorrhagic events.

Classification and Regression Trees for Bacterial Vaginosis Diagnosis in Pregnant Women Based on High-Throughput Quantitative PCR.

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) diagnosis in pregnancy is based on the Nugent score, which consists of semiquantitation of bacterial morphotypes. Limited data exist concerning molecular-based diagnosis in asymptomatic pregnant women. Using high-throughput quantitative PCR, 34 microorganisms were screened in asymptomatic pregnant women and compared with the Nugent score.

Antibiotic-related gut dysbiosis induces lung immunodepression and worsens lung infection in mice.

Background: Gut dysbiosis due to the adverse effects of antibiotics affects outcomes of lung infection. Previous murine models relied on significant depletion of both gut and lung microbiota, rendering the analysis of immune gut-lung cross-talk difficult. Here, we study the effects of antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis without lung dysbiosis on lung immunity and the consequences on acute P.

Coagulation biomarkers are independent predictors of increased oxygen requirements in COVID-19.

Background: Hypercoagulability seems to contribute to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia pathogenesis. However, age and metabolic syndrome are potential confounders when assessing the value of coagulation biomarkers' prediction of COVID-19 outcomes. We assessed whether coagulation biomarkers, including factor VIII (FVIII) and von Willebrand factor (VWF) levels, measured at time of admission, were predictive of COVID-19 adverse outcomes irrespective of age and major comorbidities associated with metabolic syndrome.

Malignant Leakage After Sleeve Gastrectomy: Endoscopic and Surgical Approach.

Purpose: Gastric leak occurs after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) in 2% of cases. Most staple-line disruptions (SLD) can be successfully treated with first-line endoscopic procedures. Less favorable situations may lead to more complex therapeutic strategies, like conversion to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP).

Clinical relevance of Clostridium bacteremia: An 8-year retrospective study.

Clostridium spp. are recovered from 25% of the blood culture positive with anaerobes. However, the clinical relevance of Clostridium bacteremia has been controverted in the literature, particularly for C.

Effect of an ICU Diary on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Among Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Keeping a diary for patients while they are in the intensive care unit (ICU) might reduce their posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms.

Objectives: To assess the effect of an ICU diary on the psychological consequences of an ICU hospitalization.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Assessor-blinded, multicenter, randomized clinical trial in 35 French ICUs from October 2015 to January 2017, with follow-up until July 2017.

Clostridium ventriculi bacteremia following acute colonic pseudo-obstruction: A case report.

Clostridium ventriculi (formerly Sarcina ventriculi) is a Gram-positive, obligate anaerobic coccus. Human infections due to this bacterium have rarely been reported, its involvement in the development of gastric ulcers and perforation has been suggested. We present a case of bacteremia due to C.

Impact of the Timing of Antibiotic Administration on Digestive Colonization with Carbapenemase-Producing in a Murine Model.

While antibiotic use is a risk factor of carbapenemase-producing (CPE) acquisition, the importance of timing of antibiotic administration relative to CPE exposure remains unclear. In a murine model of gut colonization by New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-1 (NDM-1)-producing , a single injection of clindamycin within at most 1 week before or after CPE exposure induced colonization persisting up to 100 days. The timing of antibiotic administration relative to CPE exposure may be relevant to infection control and antimicrobial stewardship approaches.