Publications by authors named "Eric Kaiser"

Introduction: Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) plays an important role in cerebral vasodilation, so here we aim to quantify the impact of CGRP monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy on cerebral hemodynamics.

Methods: In 23 patients with chronic and episodic migraine, cerebral hemodynamic monitoring was performed (1) prior to and (2) 3-months into CGRP-mAb therapy. Transcranial Doppler monitored cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFv) in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and posterior cerebral artery (PCA), from which cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) and cerebral autoregulation (CA; ) were calculated.

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The primary goal of this study was to develop a parametric model that relates variation in stimulation of the trigeminal nerve to properties of the blink response. We measured blink responses in 17 healthy, adult participants to air puffs directed at the lateral canthus of the eye at five different, log-spaced intensities (3.5-60 PSI).

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Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is a non-inflammatory vasculopathy. While most patients have good clinical outcomes, RCVS can be associated with severe brain injury from ischemic stroke, subarachnoid, and intracerebral hemorrhage. A number of vasoactive medications have been implicated in RCVS, including triptans, amphetamines, antidepressants, and decongestants.

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Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is involved in several of the pathophysiologic processes underpinning migraine attacks. Therapies that target CGRP or its receptor have shown efficacy as preventive or acute treatments for migraine. Two small-molecule CGRP receptor antagonists (rimegepant and ubrogepant) are approved for the acute treatment of migraine, and 4 monoclonal antibodies (eptinezumab, erenumab, fremanezumab, and galcanezumab) are approved for migraine prevention; erenumab targets the canonical CGRP receptor, the others CGRP ligand.

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Purpose Of Review: This review aims to discuss the experience of migraine in transgender and gender-diverse individuals as it relates to other psychiatric comorbidities such as anxiety, depression, PTSD, and others. As this population faces stigma and discrimination, literature posits that gender minority stress can also contribute to the experience of pain in these individuals.

Recent Findings: Though there is little explicit data on these topics, more recent studies have explored the concept of gender minority stress and how stigma and discrimination can affect health outcomes and overall perception of health.

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Background And Objectives: To quantify interictal photophobia in migraine with and without aura using reflexive eye closure as an implicit measure of light sensitivity and to assess the contribution of melanopsin and cone signals to these responses.

Methods: Participants were screened to meet criteria for 1 of 3 groups: headache-free (HF) controls, migraine without aura (MO), and migraine with visual aura (MA). MO and MA participants were included if they endorsed ictal and interictal photophobia.

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Article Synopsis
  • This text talks about how to help people who identify as gender minorities when they have headaches. It highlights that these groups don't always get good medical care because of challenges like stigma.
  • It points out that more research is needed on how hormone therapy might affect headaches for transgender people, since there’s already some info about how hormones affect headaches in those who identify with the sex they were assigned at birth.
  • The review suggests that doctors should create welcoming spaces and learn about hormone therapy in order to give better headache treatment to transgender and gender-diverse patients.
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Second only to headache, photophobia is the most debilitating symptom reported by people with migraine. While the melanopsin-containing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are thought to play a role, how cone and melanopsin signals are integrated in this pathway to produce visual discomfort is poorly understood. We studied 60 people: 20 without headache and 20 each with interictal photophobia from migraine with or without visual aura.

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Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is involved in nociception and neurogenic inflammation in migraine, but also serves as a potent vasodilator acting on intracranial arteries. This latter effect raises concern about the possibility of drugs inhibiting CGRP precipitating cerebral ischemia. We describe a 41-year-old woman with migraine without aura who developed a right thalamic infarction following a first dose of erenumab, a CGRP-receptor blocker.

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Objective: To identify migraineurs and headache-free individuals with an online questionnaire and automated analysis algorithm.

Methods: We created a branching-logic, web-based questionnaire - the Penn Online Evaluation of Migraine - to obtain standardized headache history from a previously studied cohort. Responses were analyzed with an automated algorithm to assign subjects to one of several categories based on ICHD-3 (beta) criteria.

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The differential diagnosis for transverse myelitis is extensive, and the prognosis is highly variable depending on the etiology. We describe a rare case of a 56-year-old previously healthy male who presented with thoracic paresthesias and hyperesthesias involving the T6-11 dermatomes several weeks after a febrile illness. A thoracic MRI demonstrated a T7-10 transverse myelitis, and an exhaustive evaluation revealed neuroborreliosis.

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Background: Although migraine often starts in childhood or adolescence, hospital care for migraine in children is not well described. We examined patient and hospital characteristics associated with hospital care for migraine among children in the United States.

Methods: We queried the Kids' Inpatient Database (2003 to 2009) for hospitalizations of children aged 3-20.

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: Hemostasis disorders are one of the major clinical conditions of snakebites and are because of mechanisms which may disrupt vessels, platelets, clotting factors and fibrinolysis. Thromboelastography (TEG) could help to understand these effects in the clinical practice. A retrospective study reports a series of patients presenting a snakebite-related coagulopathy, treated with antivenom and monitored with conventional tests and TEG in a French military treatment facility (Republic of Djibouti, East Africa) between August 2011 and September 2013.

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Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a neuropeptide abundant in the trigeminal system and widely expressed in both the peripheral and central nervous systems, has recently emerged as a promising target for migraine management. While known as a potent arterial vasodilator, the role of CGRP in migraine is likely mediated by modulating nociception and sustaining neurogenic inflammation that leads to further peripheral and central pain sensitization. Functional blockade of CGRP, which involves either CGRP receptor antagonists or monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to CGRP or its receptor, has recently shown clinical efficacy in migraine management.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study focuses on creating and analyzing silver oxide films (AgO and Ag₂O) intended to be used as antibacterial coatings to prevent bacterial growth.
  • The coatings are effective against various bacterial strains, showing the ability to kill bacteria and inhibit growth both on solid media and in liquid culture.
  • The release of silver ions from these coatings is influenced by the complexity of the surrounding media, demonstrating strong antibacterial properties while having minimal short-term toxic effects on mammalian cells.
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Unlabelled: The neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a key player in migraine. Although migraine can be treated using CGRP antagonists that act peripherally, the relevant sites of CGRP action remain unknown. To address the role of CGRP both within and outside the CNS, we used CGRP-induced light-aversive behavior in mice as a measure of migraine-associated photophobia.

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The multifunctional neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and its receptor are expressed throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Previous studies have shown that CGRP has roles in intestinal motility, water secretion, and inflammation. Furthermore, animal studies have demonstrated CGRP involvement in diarrhea secondary to C.

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BACKGROUND Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are among the most common hospital-acquired infections (HAIs). Reducing CAUTI rates has become a major focus of attention due to increasing public health concerns and reimbursement implications. OBJECTIVE To implement and describe a multifaceted intervention to decrease CAUTIs in our ICUs with an emphasis on indications for obtaining a urine culture.

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Background: Management of critically ill patients in austere environments is a logistic challenge. Availability of oxygen cylinders for the mechanically ventilated patient may be difficult in such a context. One solution is to use a ventilator able to function with an oxygen concentrator (OC).

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Study Objective: To assess the effects of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) during spontaneous breathing anesthesia on functional residual capacity and ventilation distribution.

Design: Prospective and observational study.

Setting: Operating room, military teaching hospital.

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OBJECTIVE Blunt cerebrovascular injuries (BCVIs) affect approximately 1% of patients with blunt trauma. An antithrombotic or anticoagulation therapy is recommended to prevent the occurrence or recurrence of neurovascular events. This treatment has to be carefully considered after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), due to the risk of intracranial hemorrhage expansion.

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Aim: Over-triage rates related to the use of Vittel criteria are unknown. We compared severe stable trauma patients with and without significant visceral injuries.

Study Design: A single-centre retrospective analysis of a single-centre prospective cohort.

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Introduction: Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) causes severe diarrhoea and vomiting, leading to dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities. Treatment remains supportive and often requires intravenous (IV) access. IV catheters are difficult to insert and maintain in this context.

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Introduction: The assessment of anesthetic risks is an essential component of preoperative evaluation. In developing world, preanesthesia evaluation may be challenging because patient's medical history and records are scare, and language barrier limits physical examination. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of routine preoperative testing in a low-resources setting.

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