Introduction: This study aims to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with cigarette smoking among patients in treatment for substance use disorders (SUD) in France.
Methods: We analyze a nation-wide dataset retrieving information on patients entering treatment for alcohol, opioid and stimulant use disorders between 2010 and 2020. We conduct multilevel Poisson regressions to determine the main factors associated with daily cigarette smoking among all patients who entered treatment for alcohol (n=607122), opioid (n=283381) or stimulant (n=57189) use disorders, and zero-truncated negative-binomial regressions to predict the average number of cigarettes per day.
Objective: To study the prevalence of alcohol use among French adolescents over time and factors associated with heavy episodic drinking (HED) among drinkers.
Method: Our analysis relies on six waves of a standardized cross, sectional survey conducted in mainland France between 2005 and 2022. The overall sample size comprises 179905 adolescents aged 17 (90166 males and 89739 females).
Background: Consistent reports from health professionals suggest that heroin is commonly used by patients undergoing opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) in France, potentially jeopardizing their recovery process. However, there has been no formal epidemiological assessment on the matter.
Methods: We use a yearly updated compendium retrieving information on patients admitted in treatment centres in France between 2010 and 2020.
: Polydrug use has been implicated in driving a "fourth wave" of the overdose crisis in North America, specifically through concurrent use of stimulants and opioids, especially fentanyl. In France, however, heroin has historically been and remains the easiest-to-access opioid, accounting for most drug treatment demand. Whether similar polydrug use is increasing in Western Europe remains understudied, despite severe health implications and potential inadequate public health responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The DNA metabarcoding approach has become one of the most used techniques to study the taxa composition of various sample types. To deal with the high amount of data generated by the high-throughput sequencing process, a bioinformatics workflow is required and the QIIME2 platform has emerged as one of the most reliable and commonly used. However, only some pre-formatted reference databases dedicated to a few barcode sequences are available to assign taxonomy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Studies of adolescent e-cigarette use infrequently consider how environmental effects impact use. Adolescent e-cigarette use in France is also understudied, yet an important contrast since e-cigarette use rarely precedes conventional tobacco use and daily tobacco use is common. We examine whether there is significant variation in e-cigarette use across the geographic unit of départements (n = 95), and whether community factors explain these differences and individual-level probabilities of e-cigarette use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: This paper studies the evolution of transitions from first cigarette use to daily use by socioeconomic status (SES) among French adolescents over the course of 17 years, in a context of decreasing prevalence of tobacco use.
Methods: A total of 182 266 adolescents participated in the nationally representative ESCAPAD survey at nine different time points between 2000 and 2017. Discrete time-event analysis was used to model the transition to daily cigarette use as a function of SES, gender, age at onset and the use of other psychoactive substances.
Eur J Public Health
December 2019
Background: The increasing use of doping by youth is a growing public health concern. The present study aimed to calculate robust estimates of the prevalence of doping among French high school students and study factors related to the use of licit vs. banned agents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis exploratory analysis of time-series cross-sectional data provides insights on trends in age at first injection among people who inject drugs in France, and on associations with recent risky injecting behaviors. Data were collected from a national survey conducted in harm reduction facilities in five phases between 2006 and 2015. Standardized questionnaires collected information on demographics, substance use, and route of administration, as well as lifetime and past-month injection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLittle is known about the use of non-medical cognitive enhancers (NCEs) in the general population, and even less among youth. The study utilises a nationally representative, cross-sectional survey of adolescents attending high schools to provide a comprehensive overview of NCEs and to assess risk factors such as socio-demographics, schooling, mental health and related substance use among French adolescents. A total of 6692 students attending high school (secondary schools) answered an anonymous questionnaire collecting information on demographics, health, psychoactive substance uses (neuroleptics, tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, illicit substances) and patterns of sociability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Screen-based media overuse has been related to harmful consequences especially among children and adolescents. Given their complex interrelationships, predictors of screen time (ST) should be analyzed simultaneously rather than individually to avoid incomplete conclusions.
Methods: Structural equation models were conducted to examine associations between media ST (television, video games, and computers) along with harmful consequences in adolescents' well-being, such as underweight and overweight, depression, and school failure.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess
August 2017
Background: An updated prevalence estimate for heroin users in France is lacking. Accurate figures are needed to estimate the potential need for treatment.
Method: This research relies on a capture-recapture framework and, for the first time, makes use of individual data collected by a standardized survey conducted within treatment centers.
Background: Since their first commercialization, the diversity of taxa and the genetic composition of transgene sequences in genetically modified plants (GMOs) are constantly increasing. To date, the detection of GMOs and derived products is commonly performed by PCR-based methods targeting specific DNA sequences introduced into the host genome. Information available regarding the GMOs' molecular characterization is dispersed and not appropriately organized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: This study investigates the association of the family occupational category (F-OC) with adolescent alcohol use and its potential variation according to the frequency of use.
Methods: A national survey representative of adolescents aged 17 living in continental France conducted in 2005 (n = 29,393). Three outcomes were considered: overall use describes the drinking status (lifetime abstinence, use before the month prior the survey, use in the month prior the survey) without considering the frequency of use; last month use and binge drinking detail the frequency of use (1-5 uses, 6-9, 10-19 and 20+ uses) and of binge drinking (0, 1-2, 3-5, 6+ episodes of 5+ glasses in a single occasion) of the previous month users.
Compared with other European countries, France's low number of drug use-related deaths may appear enviable. Previous studies have suggested significant underreporting. The three official records listing drug-related deaths in France in 2007 were cross-checked.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFive double-target multiplex plasmids to be used as calibrants for GMO quantification were constructed. They were composed of two modified targets associated in tandem in the same plasmid: (1) a part of the soybean lectin gene and (2) a part of the transgenic construction of the GTS40-3-2 event. Modifications were performed in such a way that each target could be amplified with the same primers as those for the original target from which they were derived but such that each was specifically detected with an appropriate probe.
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