Diagnosis and management of an intraorbital vascular fistula.

A spontaneous intraorbital arteriovenous fistula is an extremely rare phenomenon. More commonly, arteriovenous fistulas occur spontaneously as carotid cavernous fistulas and dural cavernous fistulas or are secondary to trauma. Surgical approaches vary widely and each carries their own set of potential problems.

Neuroretinitis with retrobulbar involvement.

Two patients with neuroretinitis are presented, both having MRI abnormalities of the orbital portion of the optic nerve. We review previous reports of CT and MRI findings in patients with neuroretinitis and propose a spectrum of neuroimaging abnormalities in these patients.