Validity of information integration based on subjective and physiological data from a real sports condition: application to the judgment of fatigue in sport.

The objective of the present study was to confirm the convergent validity of information integration theory in the judgment of fatigue in sport, using information integration, subjective, and physiological data. Twenty healthy athletes were confronted with six cycling scenarios in two experimental conditions. In the laboratory condition, the athletes imagined the scenarios and had to cognitively combine the exercise intensity (30%, 50%, and 70% of the maximal intensity) and the exercise duration (15 and 30 min) when judging their expected level of fatigue.

Mapping Risk Judgment and Risk Taking in Mountain Hiking: An Information Integration Approach.

Risk analysis is essential for promoting hiking-based tourism. Our objective in the present study was to map 395 mountain hikers' positions on risk judgment and risk taking, according to how they integrated three antecedent factors of confidence (environment, team, and self). For integrating information, people can develop an additive rule whereby they apply the same weight to all information or use interaction rules (i.

Pacing strategy in trail running: A cognitive subtractive model of the affective balance between effort and pleasure?

The objective of the present study was to undercover the cognitive rules developed by athletes in pacing strategy during a trail running competition. Fifty participants completed a questionnaire on how decisions were made around pacing. Each questionnaire consisted of 12 scenarios that featured the two components of affective balance (effort and pleasure) as information cues.

Mapping Positions on Forgiving an Aggressor in Sport.

The objective of the present study was to map amateur athletes' positions on forgiving an aggressor in sport under various circumstances. One hundred and twenty-eight participants judged forgiveness in 32 scenarios built from combinations of five factors (moral disengagement, intention, consequence, apology, and incentive). Following a cluster analysis, ANOVAs, and chi-squared tests, a three-cluster solution was found: "Mainly Forgive, with Non-Additive Integration," "Seldom Forgive, with Additive Integration," and "Moderately Forgive, with Additive Integration.