A Qualitative Analysis of the Experiences of EMS Clinicians in Recognizing and Treating Witnessed Cardiac Arrests.

Background: Survival from out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) increases when effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation are performed early. Patients who suffer OHCA in front of emergency medical services (EMS) clinicians have greater likelihood of survival, but little is known about how EMS clinicians think about and experience those events. We sought to understand how EMS clinicians assessed patients who devolved to cardiac arrest in their presence and uncover the perceived barriers and facilitators associated with recognizing and treating witnessed OHCAs.

Lead loading of urban roadways by motor vehicle wheel weights: some Australian observations using novel methodology.

Wheel weights fall off motor vehicles, accumulate on urban roadways and contribute to lead loading of the environment. The objective of the present research was to determine mass distribution, deposition rate, residence time, mass loss, and lead loading per annum on roadways in Melbourne, the capital city of Victoria, Australia. We surveyed wheel weights on 3-3.