Primary sclerosing cholangitis in two brothers: report of a family with special emphasis on molecular HLA and MICA genotyping.

Immune mechanisms play a role in the pathogenesis of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), as suggested by its association with certain HLA haplotypes. Genetic predisposition is supported by its occurrence in families, but data are scarce. Our aim is to report on two brothers with PSC, and to investigate HLA and MICA alleles in this family.

A randomized trial comparing injection therapy with hemoclip and with injection combined with hemoclip for bleeding ulcers.

Background: A randomized comparative study was conducted of injection therapy with epinephrine-polidocanol (1%) versus hemoclip application, versus injection combined with hemoclip for bleeding peptic ulcers.

Methods: One hundred five patients were randomized and 101 could be evaluated (46 had active spurting or oozing of blood; 55 a visible vessel). Patients were randomized to 1 of the 3 treatment modalities during endoscopy performed within 12 hours of admission.